1.甘肃农业大学 林学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070
2.甘肃敦煌西湖国家级;自然保护区管护中心, 甘肃 敦煌 736200
3.甘肃省林业科学研究院, 甘肃 兰州 730020
董建祥(1988—),男(汉族),甘肃省定西市人,硕士研究生,助理工程师,主要从事自然保护区管理和生态保护修复治理方面的研究工作。Email:2077424983@qq.com。
罗永忠(1970—),女(汉族),甘肃省酒泉市人,教授,主要从事植物抗旱性研究、生态建设项目效益监测与评价研究工作。Email:luoyzhong@gsau.edu.cn。
收稿:2025-05-27,
修回:2025-07-28,
纸质出版:2025-12-10
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董建祥, 罗永忠, 孙伟刚, 等.甘肃敦煌西湖国家级自然保护区起沙风况及输沙势特征[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):149-157.
Dong Jianxiang, Luo Yongzhong, Sun Weigang, et al. Sand-driving wind conditions and drift potential characteristics in Gansu Dunhuang Xihu National Nature Reserve [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):149-157.
董建祥, 罗永忠, 孙伟刚, 等.甘肃敦煌西湖国家级自然保护区起沙风况及输沙势特征[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):149-157. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.012. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.012.
Dong Jianxiang, Luo Yongzhong, Sun Weigang, et al. Sand-driving wind conditions and drift potential characteristics in Gansu Dunhuang Xihu National Nature Reserve [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):149-157. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.012. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.012.
目的
2
揭示甘肃敦煌西湖国家级自然保护区风沙环境特征,为保护区科学有效开展防风治沙和生态保护工作提供依据。
方法
2
以该区域为研究对象,通过实地观测,对监测区自动气象站2019,2020,2023,2024年风速、风向数据进行统计处理,分析了敦煌西湖保护区风况及风沙环境。
结果
2
①敦煌西湖国家级自然保护区4 a平均起沙风风速为6.3~6.4 m/s,年最大风速为14.0 m/s,年平均起沙风频率为8%;起沙风多集中在春夏两季,起沙风占全年的73.3%,春夏两季起沙风频率为11%~12%;保护区起沙风风向主要集中在E和ENE,占比最大的单风向为E,占比最小单风向为SE。 ②年输沙势(DP)均值为666.39 VU,属高风能区,主要风向为E和ENE,年合成输沙势(RDP)均值为141.09 VU,年输沙势方向变率指数(RDP/DP)均值为0.24,属低方向变率,风况较复杂,为复合或钝双峰风况。 ③输沙势季节差异较明显,主要集中在春夏两季,占全年输沙势的80.8%,其中夏季输沙势最大,冬季输沙势最小。春、夏、秋、冬输沙势的方向变率分别为0.29,0.43,0.34,0.39,属于中低变率,四季风况较为复杂。
结论
2
保护区属于高风能区,全年风向以东西风为主,起沙风和输沙势主要集中在春夏两季,全年和四季输沙势方向变率为中低变率,风况较为复杂。应因地制宜,有效开展防风治沙和生态修复工作。
Objective
2
The environmental characteristics of wind and sand in Gansu Dunhuang Xihu National Nature Reserve were analyzed, in order to provide a basis for the scientific and effective implementation of wind and sand control and ecological protection in the reserve.
Methods
2
Taking this area as the research object, wind speed and direction data from the automatic weather station in the monitoring area in 2019, 2020, 2023, and 2024 were statistically processed through field observation. The wind conditions and wind-sand environment of the Dunhuang Xihu Reserve were analyzed and discussed.
Results
2
① The four-year average sand-driving wind speed in the Dunhuang Xihu National Nature Reserve ranged from 6.28 m/s to 6.43 m/s. The annual maximum wind speed was approximately 14 m/s, and the annual average sand-driving wind frequency was 8.43%. Sand-driving winds were mostly concentrated in spring and summer, accounting for 73.29% of the whole year, with sand-driving wind frequencies ranging from 11% to 12% in these two seasons. The sand-driving wind directions in the reserve were mainly E and ENE. Among these, the single direction with the largest proportion was E, while that with the smallest proportion was SE. ② The annual average drift potential (DP) was 666.39 VU, classifying the area as a high wind-energy zone. Similar to sand-driving winds, DP was mainly concentrated in the E and ENE directions. The annual average resultant drift potential (RDP) was 141.09 VU, and the annual average directional variability index (RDP/DP) was 0.24, indicating low directional variability. The wind conditions were relatively complex, characterized as a compound or blunt bimodal pattern. ③ The seasonal differences in drift potential were significant, mainly concentrated in spring and summer, accounting for 80.8% of the whole year. The drift potential was highest in summer and lowest in winter. The directional variability of the drift potential for the four seasons was 0.29, 0.43, 0.34, and 0.39, respectively, indicating medium to low variability. The wind conditions in all four seasons were relatively complex.
Conclusion
2
The reserve is a high wind-energy zone, with prevailing east-west winds throughout the year. Sand-driving winds and drift potential are primarily concentrated in spring and summer. The annual and seasonal directional variability of the drift potential is medium to low, and the wind conditions are relatively complex. It is necessary to carry out wind prevention and sand control as well as ecological restoration work in a way that suits local conditions.
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