1.贵州师范大学 喀斯特研究院, 贵州 贵阳 550025
2.国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心, 贵州 贵阳 550001
何明春(2000—),女(土家族),重庆市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为喀斯特山地风景园林规划设计。Email:232200171835@gznu.edu.cn。
董慧(1986—),女(汉族),贵州省贵阳市人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事喀斯特水文与洞穴方面的研究。Email:201808010@gznu.edu.cn。
收稿:2025-04-21,
修回:2025-06-15,
纸质出版:2025-10-10
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何明春, 董慧, 陈罗敏, 等.典型喀斯特流域景观生态风险驱动因素及预测[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):218-229.
He Mingchun, Dong Hui, Chen Luomin, et al. Driving factors and prediction of landscape ecological risk in typical karst basin [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):218-229.
何明春, 董慧, 陈罗敏, 等.典型喀斯特流域景观生态风险驱动因素及预测[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):218-229. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.020. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.05.020..
He Mingchun, Dong Hui, Chen Luomin, et al. Driving factors and prediction of landscape ecological risk in typical karst basin [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):218-229. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.020. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.05.020..
目的
2
探究打邦河流域景观生态风险分布,分析典型喀斯特流域景观生态风险驱动因素并进行多情景预测,为提升该区生态系统稳定性、保护喀斯特生态环境提供理论依据。
方法
2
采用景观指数法构建生态风险评估模型,结合空间自相关分析、最优参数地理探测器及多情景模拟等方法,对打邦河流域2013—2023年的生态风险进行研究。
结果
2
①流域土地利用面积转移最大的是耕地和林地,转移最剧烈的时间段为2018—2023年。 ②流域景观生态风险总体逐步改善,中高风险与高风险区主要在西秀区西部、六枝特区、关岭县西南部及镇宁县中部,以草地、水域和建设用地为主,流域生态风险的空间集聚性呈先增强后减弱趋势。 ③流域景观生态风险的单因子探测表明,NDVI(0.37)、夜间灯光(0.16)和植被覆盖(0.11)是解释力最强的3个因子,双因子探测受NDVI∩土壤类型、距铁路距离∩NDVI、人口分布∩NDVI交互作用的影响。表明自然与社会因素的共同作用是流域景观生态风险变化的关键。 ④多情景预测中,经济发展(ED)情景下景观生态风险相对较高,而生态保护(EP)情景下景观生态风险较低,且兼顾流域可持续发展与生态保护,EP情景是流域未来发展的有利路径。
结论
2
打邦河流域景观生态风险是自然与社会因素共同作用的结果,生态保护情景(EP)下景观生态风险相对较低,是实现可持续发展、建设美丽中国的必然路径。
Objective
2
To map the distribution of landscape ecological risks in the Dabang River basin, we conducted in-depth analyses of the factors underlying landscape ecological risk in typical karst river basins and performed multi-scenario predictions to provide a scientific basis for enhancing local ecosystem stability and protecting the karst ecological environments.
Methods
2
An ecological risk assessment model was constructed integrating spatial autocorrelation analysis, optimal parameter geodetector, and multi-scenario simulation, we examined the ecological risk was examined in the Dabang River basin from 2013 to 2023.
Results
2
① The largest land-use area transformation within the basin occurred between cultivated and forest land, with the most intense period of change from 2018 to 2023. ② Ecological risk in the basin had gradually improved. Medium-high-risk and high-risk areas were mainly located in the western part of Xixiu District, Liuzhi Special District, southwestern part of Guanling County, and the central part of Zhenning County, regions characterized by grassland, water areas, and construction land. Spatial agglomeration of ecological risk in the basin initially increased and then decreased. ③ Single-factor detection of landscape ecological risks in the basin indicated that Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) (0.37), night light (0.16), and vegetation coverage (0.11) had the strongest explanatory power. Double-factor detection results were impacted by the interaction of NDVI∩soil type, distance to railway∩NDVI, and population distribution∩NDVI, suggesting that combined effects of natural and social factors are key to explaining changes in landscape ecological risk in the basin. ④ In multi-scenario predictions, overall landscape ecological risk was relatively high in the economic development (ED) scenario and relatively low in the ecological protection (EP) scenario. Considering both sustainable river basin development and ecological protection, the EP scenario offers a favorable path for future development of the river basin.
Conclusion
2
Landscape ecological risk in the Dabang River basin is mainly driven by interactions between natural and social factors. The ecological protection (EP) scenario results in a relatively low landscape ecological risk, making it an inevitable path for achieving sustainable development and building a beautiful China.
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