1.北京林业大学 水土保持学院, 北京 100083
2.中国水利水电科学研究院 水生态环境研究所, 北京 100038
文延延(2001—),女(汉族),贵州省绥阳县人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生态系统服务功能评价。Email:2315974074@qq.com。
韩玉国(1979—),男(汉族),内蒙古自治区通辽市人,博士,教授,主要从事水土保持与荒漠化防治、流域面源污染治理等方面的研究。Email:yghan@bjfu.edu.cn。
收稿:2025-03-30,
修回:2025-06-04,
纸质出版:2025-10-10
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文延延, 韩玉国, 解莹.三江源地区生态系统服务功能价值估算[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):277-284.
Wen Yanyan, Han Yuguo, Xie Ying. Estimation of ecosystem service function values in Sanjiangyuan region [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):277-284.
文延延, 韩玉国, 解莹.三江源地区生态系统服务功能价值估算[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):277-284. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.011. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.05.011..
Wen Yanyan, Han Yuguo, Xie Ying. Estimation of ecosystem service function values in Sanjiangyuan region [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):277-284. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.011. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.05.011..
目的
2
科学估算三江源生态系统服务价值,为掌握流域生态资产储量以及生态安全保障提供科学依据。
方法
2
运用改良的当量因子法、替代工程法、替代成本法科学评估三江源地区生态系统服务总价值和各单项生态服务功能价值,并利用遥感与空间统计分析技术分析三江源地区生态系统服务功能价值空间分布特征,明确其核心功能区定位。
结果
2
①三江源地区生态系统服务功能总价值量为2 464.85亿元;其中,水源涵养服务功能的价值最高,为934.01亿元,所占比例为38%,核算结果符合三江源“中华水塔”的称号;其次是气候调节、土壤保持,占总价值的33%;栖息地保护、景观美学占总价值的21%;空气净化服务价值最低,仅占总价值的8%。 ②水源涵养、土壤保持、栖息地保护、景观美学4项功能价值表现为“北高南低”的格局,气候调节、空气净化功能价值则呈现“东高西低”的分布特征。
结论
2
玉树藏族自治州、果洛藏族自治州是重要的气候调节区和土壤保持区,应持续推进林草生态保护与恢复,建立水土流失综合防治体系,不断提升土壤保持能力;海西蒙古族藏族自治州、玉树藏族自治州、果洛藏族自治州是重要的水源涵养区与补给区,应加强湿地水体保护,降低被污染的风险。各流域间加强协同治理,科学规划土地利用。
Objective
2
Scientifically estimate the value of ecosystem services in the Sanjiangyuan region to provide a scientific basis for understanding the ecological asset reserves and ecological security safeguards of the watershed.
Methods
2
Using the improved equivalent factor method, substitute engineering method, and substitute cost method, we scientifically assessed the total value of ecosystem services and the value of individual ecological service functions in the Sanjiangyuan region. By employing remote sensing and spatial statistical analysis techniques, we examined the spatial distribution characteristics of ecosystem service values in this region and identified its core functional zones.
Results
2
① The total value of ecosystem services in the Sanjiangyuan region amounts to 246.485 billion yuan. Among these, water conservation services hold the highest value at 93.401 billion yuan, accounting for 38% of the total and consistent with the region’s designation as China’s ‘water tower.’ Climate regulation and soil conservation follow, comprising 33% of the total value. Habitat protection and landscape aesthetics contribute 21% of the total value. Air purification services showed the lowest value, accounting for only 8% of the total. ② The values of water conservation, soil retention, habitat protection, and landscape aesthetics exhibited a ‘higher in the north, lower in the south’ pattern, while climate regulation and air purification values demonstrated an ‘higher in the east, lower in the west’ distribution characteristic.
Conclusion
2
Yushu Xizang Autonomous Prefecture and Guoluo Xizang Autonomous Prefecture serve as vital climate regulation zones and soil conservation areas. Efforts to advance forest and grassland ecological protection and restoration should be sustained, establishing a comprehensive system for soil and water erosion control to continuously enhance soil retention capacity. Haixi Mongol and Xizang Autonomous Prefecture, Yushu Xizang Autonomous Prefecture, and Guoluo Xizang Autonomous Prefecture are vital water conservation and recharge areas. Efforts should be intensified to protect wetland water bodies and reduce the risk of contamination. Different river basins should strengthen coordinated governance and scientifically plan landuse.
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