河南农业大学 林学院, 河南 郑州 450002
田鹏莹(2001—),女(汉族),河南省新乡市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤水文学。Email:tpy3263@163.com。
张志华(1984—),女(汉族),山东省菏泽市人,博士,副教授,主要从事土壤水文学研究。Email:zhangzh@henau.edu.cn。
收稿:2025-02-20,
修回:2025-03-18,
纸质出版:2025-08-20
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田鹏莹, 孙慧娟, 薛婧雯, 等.华北平原人工林地土壤质量评价及障碍因子分析[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(4):124-133.
Tian Pengying, Sun Huijuan, Xue Jingwen, et al. Soil quality assessment and constraining factor analysis in plantation forests of north China Plain [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(4):124-133.
田鹏莹, 孙慧娟, 薛婧雯, 等.华北平原人工林地土壤质量评价及障碍因子分析[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(4):124-133. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.04.001. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb. 2025.04.001..
Tian Pengying, Sun Huijuan, Xue Jingwen, et al. Soil quality assessment and constraining factor analysis in plantation forests of north China Plain [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(4):124-133. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.04.001. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb. 2025.04.001..
目的
2
定量评价华北平原人工林地的土壤质量,为该地区土壤质量改善及障碍因素诊断提供科学依据和建议。
方法
2
以不同密度(1 111,833,625,555,416株/hm
2
)杨树人工林为研究对象,于2024年10月底采集杨树林下0—20 cm土层土壤,对土壤主要理化性质及酶活性进行分析。基于主成分分析(PCA)筛选出最小数据集(MDS),通过土壤质量指数和障碍因素诊断对华北平原人工林土壤质量进行评价。
结果
2
①基于总数据集的主成分分析,构建了由土壤全碳、蔗糖酶活性、电导率、粉粒和速效磷组成的最小数据集。 ②不同密度杨树人工林的土壤质量指数排序为:416株/hm
2
(0.55)
>
555株/hm
2
(0.51)
>
625株/hm
2
(0.49)
>
1 111株/hm
2
(0.48)
>
833株/hm
2
(0.44)。林分密度显著影响了土壤含水量、pH值、有机碳、全碳和速效养分等。 ③整个研究区土壤质量障碍以中度、轻度障碍为主,土壤有机碳(15%)和土壤含水量(13%)是影响该研究区土壤质量的最大障碍因素。各密度杨树人工林均面临土壤养分和水分限制型障碍。
结论
2
杨树人工林密度为416株/hm
2
时土壤质量最佳,华北平原各杨树人工林均面临土壤养分不足,缺水的情况,该地区应制定科学的施肥灌溉管理措施,同时在人工林生产实践中确定适宜的造林密度,以实现土壤可持续利用。
Objective
2
Soil quality of plantation forests in the north China Plain was quantitatively evaluated, in order to provide a scientific basis and references for the related soil quality improvement and limiting factor diagnosis in the region.
Methods
2
Populus
spp
.
plantations with different densities (i.e., 1 111, 833, 625, 555, and 416 trees/hm
2
) were taken as cases. Soil samples were collected from the 0—20 cm depth layer of the soil in poplar forests in late October, 2024. The main physicochemical soil properties and related enzymatic activities were analyzed. The minimum dataset was selected based on principal component analysis. Soil quality was evaluated using the soil quality index and limiting factor diagnosis.
Results
2
① Based on the principal component analysis of the total dataset, a minimum dataset was established, consisting of soil total carbon, sucrase activity, electrical conductivity, silt content and available phosphorus. ② The soil quality indices of poplar plantations with different densities were ranked as follows (trees/hm
2
, followed by values in brackets): 416 (0.55)
>
555 (0.51)
>
625 (0.49)
>
1 111 (0.48)
>
833 (0.44). Stand density significantly affected the soil water content, pH value, organic carbon, total carbon and available nutrient values. ③ Soil quality limitation
s in the study area were primarily moderate and mild. Soil organic carbon (15%) and water contents (13%) were the most significant soil quality-affecting limiting factors. All poplar plantations faced limitations related to soil nutrient and water availabilities.
Conclusion
2
Soil quality was optimal in poplar plantations at a density of 416 trees/ hm
2
. All poplar plantations in the north China Plain face challenges of insufficient soil nutrients and water scarcity. Therefore, developing scientific fertilization and irrigation management practices and determining appropriate afforestation densities in plantation practices would be essential to achieve sustainable soil utilization.
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