1.黑龙江大学 现代农业与生态环境学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080
2.黑龙江省水利科学研究院, 黑龙江省水土保持实验室, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150070
张何普(1999—),男(汉族),河北省沧州市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水土保持。Email:1287354588@qq.com。
杨庆楠(1988—),女(汉族),黑龙江省哈尔滨市人,硕士,工程师,主要从事水土保持等方面的研究。Email:780423258@qq.com。
收稿:2025-01-10,
修回:2025-02-24,
纸质出版:2025-06-10
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张何普, 杨庆楠, 徐金忠, 等.东北黑土区秸秆覆盖免耕坡耕地不同坡位土壤质量评价[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(3):69-78.
Zhang Hepu, Yang Qingnan, Xu Jinzhong, et al. Soil quality evaluation at different slope position of no-tillage land under straw mulch in black soil region of northeast China [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(3):69-78.
张何普, 杨庆楠, 徐金忠, 等.东北黑土区秸秆覆盖免耕坡耕地不同坡位土壤质量评价[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(3):69-78. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.03.034. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.03.034..
Zhang Hepu, Yang Qingnan, Xu Jinzhong, et al. Soil quality evaluation at different slope position of no-tillage land under straw mulch in black soil region of northeast China [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(3):69-78. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.03.034. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.03.034..
目的
2
评价东北黑土区坡耕地秸秆覆盖免耕下不同坡位的土壤质量特征,为该区坡耕地土壤质量调控和生态修复提供科学依据。
方法
2
采用主成分分析法(PCA)和聚类分析法(CA),分别建立东北黑土区秸秆覆盖免耕(NT)坡耕地和传统耕作(CK)坡耕地土壤质量评价最小数据集(MDS),计算最小数据集土壤质量指数(SQI-PCA,SQI-CA),通过与总数据集土壤质量指数(SQI-TDS)对比分析,筛选出最适合的最小数据集土壤质量指数(SQI-MDS),并对田间试验区土壤质量进行评价分析。
结果
2
①试验区坡耕地土壤质量评价最小数据集由总孔隙度、pH值、有机质、全钾和有效磷组成。 ②主成分分析最小数据集土壤质量指数(SQI-PCA)与总数据集土壤质量指数(SQI-TDS)的纳什有效系数和相关系数均高于聚类分析最小数据集土壤质量指数(SQI-CA),因此更适合使用主成分分析最小数据集(MDS-PCA)代替总数据集(TDS)进行土壤质量评价。 ③通过主成分分析最小数据集(SQI-PCA)
进行土壤质量评价得出,试验区秸秆覆盖免耕(NT
坡中
,0.661)土壤质量最优,传统耕作(CK
坡上
,0.472)土壤质量最差。 ④制约NT处理坡耕地土壤质量的主要障碍因子为容重(0.156)和总孔隙度(0.132),CK处理坡耕地土壤质量的主要障碍因子为全磷(0.151)和速效钾(0.159)。
结论
2
秸秆覆盖免耕能够有效提高东北黑土区坡耕地土壤质量,并减少土壤养分流失与再分布。
Objective
2
The soil quality characteristics of different slope positions under straw mulching and no-tillage in the black soil region of northeastern China were evaluated to provide a scientific basis for soil quality control and ecological restoration.
Methods
2
Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to establish a minimum data set (MDS) for soil quality evaluation of no-tillage with straw mulching (NT) and conventional tillage (CK) sloping farmlands in the black soil region of northeast China. The soil quality indices (SQI-PCA, SQI-CA) of the minimum dataset were calculated, and the most suitable minimum dataset soil quality index (SQI-MDS) was selected by comparison with the total dataset soil quality index (SQI-TDS). Furthermore, the soil quality in the field test area was evaluated and analyzed.
Results
2
① The minimum data set for soil quality evaluation of sloping farmland in the test area was composed of total porosity, pH, organic matter, total potassium, and available phosphorus. ② The Nash coefficient and correlation coefficient of soil quality inde
X
in the minimum data set obtained using principal component analysis and the soil quality index in the total data set were higher than the soil quality index in the minimum data set obtained using cluster analysis, indicating that it is more suitable to use the minimum data set determined by using principal component analysis to replace the total data set for soil quality evaluation. ③ According to the minimum data set obtained using principal component analysis, the soil quality was the best in the straw-covered no-
till slope (0.661), with the worst soil quality observed in the traditional tillage slope (0.472). ④ The main obstacles to soil quality under the NT treatment were bulk density (0.156) and total porosity (0.132), while the main obstacles in the CK treatment were total phosphorus (0.151) and available potassium (0.159).
Conclusion
2
No-tillage with straw mulch can effectively improve soil quality and reduce soil nutrient loss and redistribution on cultivated sloping land in the black soil region of northeast China.
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