黄土高原丘陵沟壑区降雨侵蚀力的时空分布与变化趋势

杨淋; 张建国; 张建军; 张勇勇

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.023

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黄土高原丘陵沟壑区降雨侵蚀力的时空分布与变化趋势

试验研究

- 黄土高原丘陵沟壑区降雨侵蚀力的时空分布与变化趋势
- Spatiotemporal distribution and variation of rainfall erosivity in hilly and gully areas of Loess Plateau
- 水土保持通报 2025年45卷第2期页码：223-231
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京,100083
  2. 黄河水利委员会黄河上中游管理局,陕西,西安,710021
  3. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 中国生态系统研究网络临泽内陆河流域研究站/中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,甘肃,兰州,730000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  黄委优秀青年人才科技项目“黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀模型参数本地化研究”(HQK-202303)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.023
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 网络首发：2025-05-16，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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杨淋, 张建国, 张建军, 等. 黄土高原丘陵沟壑区降雨侵蚀力的时空分布与变化趋势[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):223-231.

Yang Lin, Zhang Jianguo, Zhang Jianjun, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution and variation of rainfall erosivity in hilly and gully areas of Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 223-231.
杨淋, 张建国, 张建军, 等. 黄土高原丘陵沟壑区降雨侵蚀力的时空分布与变化趋势[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):223-231. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.023.

Yang Lin, Zhang Jianguo, Zhang Jianjun, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution and variation of rainfall erosivity in hilly and gully areas of Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 223-231. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.023.

摘要

[目的

]

探究黄土丘陵沟壑区长时间序列降雨侵蚀力(1970—2020年)时空分布特征及变化趋势，揭示该区域土壤侵蚀的主要驱动力及其动态变化规律，为制定区域水土流失防治策略、修复脆弱的黄土高原生态系统提供有益参考。[方法

]

基于1970—2020年该区域67个气象站的降雨数据，采用基于日降雨量的简易算法模型，Machisplin插值法，Mann-Kendall法和小波分析法研究了黄河中游黄土丘陵沟壑区降雨侵蚀力的时间序列的突变点、趋势变化、周期性及空间分布特征。[结果

]

该区域多年平均降雨侵蚀力范围为739.97～1 749.03 (MJ·mm)/(hm

·h)，空间上由东南向西北递减。年际变化上，降雨侵蚀力整体呈小幅度增长趋势，最高年值为2013年的1 915.09 (MJ·mm)/(hm

·h)，最低年值为1974年的741.18 (MJ·mm)/(hm

·h)。年内分布中暖季降雨侵蚀力强度明显强于冷季，暖季的多年平均降雨侵蚀力达到599.01～1 742.95 (MJ·mm)/(hm

·h)，而冷季仅有27.61～171.11 (MJ·mm)/(hm

·h)。[结论

]

该区降雨侵蚀力呈现由东南向西北递减，年平均降雨侵蚀力呈现上升趋势，且年际间的波动较大，上升的黄土丘陵沟壑区的降雨侵蚀力在改善当地气候条件的同时，对当地的水土保持措施的功能稳定发挥和水土流失治理工作提出挑战。

Abstract

[Objective] The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and variation trend of long-term sequence rainfall erosivity in loess hilly and gully region during 1970—2020 were explored

and the main driving force of soil erosion in this region and its dynamic change law were revealed

in order to provide a useful reference for formulating regional soil and water conservation prevention and control strategies and repairing fragile Loess Plateau ecosystem. [Method] Based on the rainfall data of 67 meteorological stations in the region from 1970 to 2020

a simple algorithm model based on daily rainfall

Machisplin interpolation method

Mann-Kendall method and wavelet analysis method were used to study the abrupt change point

trend change

periodicity and spatial distribution characteristics of the time series of rainfall erosive power in the hilly and gully region of Loess Plateau in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. [Results] The average annual rainfall erosivity range in this region was 739.97～1749.03 (MJ·mm)/(hm2·h)

spatially decreasing from southeast to northwest. The overall erosive power of rainfall weakly increased interannually

with highest and lowest annual values of 1915.09 MJ and 741.18 (MJ·mm)/(hm2·h) in 2013 and 1974

respectively. The rainfall erosivity intensity was markedly stronger in the warm season than in the cold season

with an average annual rainfall erosivity of 599.01～1742.95 and 27.61～171.11 (MJ·mm)/(hm2·h)

respectively. [Conclusion] The erosive power of rainfall in this area decreased from southeast to northwest

and the annual average erosive power of rainfall trended upward

but with notable interannual fluctuations. The increasing erosive power of rainfall in loess hilly and gully areas not only improves local climate conditions but also poses challenges to the stable functioning of local soil and water conservation measures and soil erosion control work.

关键词

Keywords

references

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