东北黑土区可耕作地埂技术的应用效果

吴旭; 陈强; 郭明明; 李召

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.019

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东北黑土区可耕作地埂技术的应用效果

试验研究

- 东北黑土区可耕作地埂技术的应用效果
- Application effects of tillable earth bund technology in black soil region of Northeast China
- 水土保持通报 2025年45卷第2期页码：181-189
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150025
  2. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150081
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目“黑土地侵蚀退化功能重建机制与阻控技术”(2021YFD1500800);国家自然科学基金青年项目“东北冷凉区黑土农田条耕水热效应研究”(42101281)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.019
  中图分类号： S157.3
- 网络首发：2025-05-16，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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吴旭, 陈强, 郭明明, 等. 东北黑土区可耕作地埂技术的应用效果[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):181-189.

Wu Xu, Chen Qiang, Guo Mingming, et al. Application effects of tillable earth bund technology in black soil region of Northeast China[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 181-189.
吴旭, 陈强, 郭明明, 等. 东北黑土区可耕作地埂技术的应用效果[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):181-189. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.019.

Wu Xu, Chen Qiang, Guo Mingming, et al. Application effects of tillable earth bund technology in black soil region of Northeast China[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 181-189. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.019.

摘要

[目的

]

研究可耕作地埂(TEB)技术对东北黑土区坡耕地土壤结构、作物产量及水土保持效果的影响，为该地区水土保持措施的优化提供科学依据。[方法

]

试验田块(EF)位于平均坡度为5°的坡耕地，其中研究区域修筑了可耕作地埂(TEB)，并选取采用传统耕作、坡度和面积相似但未修筑地埂的邻近田块作为对照田块(CTF)。在EF区域内，分别采集了修筑地埂的TEB区域和未修筑地埂的传统耕作区域(CTF-E)的土壤样品，比较雨季前后土壤容重、团聚体特性及水分变化，同时监测径流深度、侵蚀量及作物产量。[结果

]

雨季后，各区域土壤容重增加，而＞0.25 mm水稳性团聚体(WSA

＞0.25

)和平均重量直径(MWD)降低。EF区域土壤容重显著低于CTF区域(p＜0.05)，且TEB区域最低(1.18 g/cm

)。EF区域＞2 mm团聚体含量显著高于CTF区域(p＜0.05)，TEB区域＞2 mm团聚体含量降幅最小，TEB的WSA

＞0.25

和MWD分别比CTF高10.58%和0.36 mm(p＜0.05)。作物生育期内，EF区域土壤水分显著高于CTF区域，径流深度和侵蚀量分别降低35.10%和51.60%，TEB区域出苗率和玉米产量最高。[结论

]

可耕作地埂技术能有效改善土壤结构和储水能力，提升水土保持效果及作物产量，适宜在东北黑土区坡耕地推广。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of tillable earth bund (TEB) technology on soil structure

crop yield

and soil and water conservation in sloping cultivated land within the black soil region of Northeast China were examined

in order to provide a scientific basis for optimizing soil and water conservation strategies in this area. [Methods] The experimental field (EF) was located on sloping cultivated land with an average gradient of 5°. The study area included a region constructed with TEBs and a nearby field with conventional tillage practices that were similar in slope and area but without constructed bunds; it was selected as the control field for conventional tillage (CTF). Within the EF

soil samples were collected from the TEB-constructed area and the traditional tillage area without bunds. Changes in soil bulk density

aggregate characteristics

and soil moisture were compared before and after the rainy season. Runoff depth

soil erosion

and crop yield were also monitored. [Results] After the rainy season

soil bulk density increased across all regions

while the proportion of ＞0.25 mm water-stable aggregates (WSA＞0.25) and mean weight diameter (MWD) decreased. Soil bulk density in the EF was significantly lower than in the CTF (p<0.05)

with the lowest value observed in the TEB area (1.18 g/cm3). The content of ＞2 mm aggregates in the EF was significantly higher than that in the CTF (p<0.05)

with the smallest reduction occurring in the TEB. The WSA＞0.25 and MWD in the TEB area were 10.58% and 0.36 mm higher than those in the CTF

respectively (p＜0.05). Throughout the growing season

soil moisture in the EF was significantly higher than that in the CTF

whereas runoff depth and soil erosion declined by 35.10% and 51.60%

respectively. The TEB area exhibited the highest seedling emergence and maize yield. [Conclusion] TEB technology effectively enhances soil structure

water retention

and water-soil conservation while boosting crop yield. This technology is well suited for large-scale implementation on sloping cultivated land across the black soil region of Northeast China.

关键词

Keywords

references

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