面向山区公路弃渣场滑坡风险管控的“天—空—地”一体化智慧监测研究

吴美; 汪斌; 刘惠妹; 徐伟恒; 王秋华; 刘运

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.015

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面向山区公路弃渣场滑坡风险管控的“天—空—地”一体化智慧监测研究

试验研究

- 面向山区公路弃渣场滑坡风险管控的“天—空—地”一体化智慧监测研究
- Integrated space-air-ground intelligent monitoring for landslide risk managment at highway waste disposal sites in mountainous area
- 水土保持通报 2025年45卷第2期页码：136-150
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西南林业大学林学院,云南,昆明,650224
  2. 云南今禹生态工程咨询有限公司,云南,昆明,650233
  3. 西南林业大学大数据与智能工程学院,云南,昆明,650224
  4. 西南林业大学森林生态大数据国家林业和草原局重点实验室,云南,昆明,650224
  5. 西南林业大学土木工程学院,云南,昆明,650224
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金地区资助项目“遥感三维绿量支持下的城市生态质量定量评价”(32060320);云南省基础研究计划面上项(202101AT070039);云南省“万人计划”青年拔尖人才专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2020047);云南省重大科技专项(202202AD080010)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.015
  中图分类号： U642.22;U417.5
- 网络首发：2025-05-16，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
吴美, 汪斌, 刘惠妹, 等. 面向山区公路弃渣场滑坡风险管控的“天—空—地”一体化智慧监测研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):136-150.

Wu Mei, Wang Bin, Liu Huimei, et al. Integrated space-air-ground intelligent monitoring for landslide risk managment at highway waste disposal sites in mountainous area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 136-150.
吴美, 汪斌, 刘惠妹, 等. 面向山区公路弃渣场滑坡风险管控的“天—空—地”一体化智慧监测研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):136-150. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.015.

Wu Mei, Wang Bin, Liu Huimei, et al. Integrated space-air-ground intelligent monitoring for landslide risk managment at highway waste disposal sites in mountainous area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 136-150. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.015.

摘要

[目的

]

从“天—空—地”3个层面上对山区公路弃渣场易滑坡风险区域进行实时监测与科学预警，以期为精准地监测弃渣场的安全状况提供关键数据和技术支撑，进而为弃渣场滑坡风险评估和管控策略的制定提供理论参考。[方法

]

选取宣曲(宣威—曲靖)高速公路(38

，41

和45

)弃渣场作为研究对象，构建基于现代监测技术与网络通信技术的实时动态弃渣场滑坡安全预警监测平台。利用卫星遥感技术、无人机摄影测量技术和地面传感器协同监测方法，对2015—2024年进行多源、多时相弃渣场边坡地物变化特征分析与地表形变演化监测，并结合累计变形和形变速率判据开展滑坡风险的预警判定。[结果

]

①对比不同时期的卫星影像得出扰动范围内的弃渣场植被已逐渐恢复生长，38

，41

和45

弃渣场整体植被覆盖面积相比2018年平均增长了50%。②经计算得出38

和41

弃渣场的实际扰动面积仅超出设计扰动面积的0.04和0.50 hm

，而45

弃渣场扰动范围保持不变。同时确定弃渣量、扰动面积、最大堆高、坡度和坡比均符合滑坡体稳定要求，表明各弃渣场边坡整体保持稳定状态，发生滑坡风险的可能性较低。③GNSS监测结果显示各监测点总平均变形速率V

＜7 mm/d，其中41

JCD3-高程方向累计变形达到最大值1 815.4 mm，处于累计变形判据注意级预警的临界区间内，滑坡体形变呈下降趋势，发生滑坡风险的可能性降低。[结论

]

利用预警判定方法监测出各弃渣场综合为Ⅰ级滑坡预警级别，当位移累计量达到预设阈值时即触发预警系统，验证了“天空地”一体化智慧监测结果的有效性。

Abstract

[Objective] Real-time monitoring and scientific early warning of landslide risk at waste disposal areas along mountainous highway from three perspectives-space

air

and ground were conducted to provide key data and technical support for accurately monitoring the safety status of slag abandonment sites. The results provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of landslide risk assessment and control strategies for waste disposal areas. [Methods] Xuanwe-Qujing Expressway waste disposal areas (38#

41#

and 45#) were selected as the research objects

and a real-time dynamic waste disposal area landslide safety early warning and monitoring platform was constructed using modern monitoring and network communication technologies. By integrating satellite remote sensing technology and unmanned aerial photogrammetry with ground sensors

the pattern of slope feature variation and surface deformation in the waste disposal areas from 2015 to 2024 at multi-spatial and multi-temporal scales was analyzed. In addition

the early warning of landslide risk was determined by utilizing evidence of cumulative deformation and deformation rate. [Results] ① Vegetation was gradually reestablished within the disturbed areas

and the overall vegetation coverage of the waste disposal areas in 38#

41#

and 45# increased by an average of 50% from 2018 to 2024. ② The actual disturbed areas of 38# and 41# were only 0.04 beyond the designed disturbed area

whereas the disturbed range of 45# remained unchanged. Furthermore

the amount of slag and disturbed area

maximum pile height

slope

and slope ratio were in line with the stability requirements for landslides

indicating that the overall slopes of the waste disposal areas maintained a stable state

and the possibility of landslide risk was low. ③ The total average deformation rate of each monitoring point showed that cumulative deformation in the direction of 41#JCD3-elevation reached a maximum value of 1 815.4 mm

which is within the critical interval of cumulative deformation with respect to warning level

and the landslide deformation exhibited a decreasing trend. Thus

the likelihood of landslide risk is reduced. [Conclusion] Based on the early warning judgment method

the landslide warning level of different waste disposal areas was level Ⅰ (the lowest risk level)

and when the cumulative amount of displacement reached the preset threshold that triggered the early warning system

the intelligent space-air-ground monitoring performance was effectively verified.

关键词

Keywords

references

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