灌溉方式对设施黄瓜氮素气态损失及氮循环功能基因的影响

万博; 吴林亿; 周其文; 杜君; 魏义长; 王丽丽

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.008

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灌溉方式对设施黄瓜氮素气态损失及氮循环功能基因的影响

试验研究

- 灌溉方式对设施黄瓜氮素气态损失及氮循环功能基因的影响
- Nitrogen gaseous loss and functional genes of nitrogen cycling in greenhouse cucumbers under different irrigation methods
- 水土保持通报 2025年45卷第2期页码：64-72
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院,河南,郑州,450046
  2. 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津,300191
  3. 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南,郑州,450002
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划“黄淮海北部集约化农区氮素面源污染发生过程与调控机制”(2021YFD1700903)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.008
  中图分类号： S626;S642.2
- 网络首发：2025-05-16，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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万博, 吴林亿, 周其文, 等. 灌溉方式对设施黄瓜氮素气态损失及氮循环功能基因的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):64-72.

Wan Bo, Wu Linyi, Zhou Qiwen, et al. Nitrogen gaseous loss and functional genes of nitrogen cycling in greenhouse cucumbers under different irrigation methods[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 64-72.
万博, 吴林亿, 周其文, 等. 灌溉方式对设施黄瓜氮素气态损失及氮循环功能基因的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):64-72. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.008.

Wan Bo, Wu Linyi, Zhou Qiwen, et al. Nitrogen gaseous loss and functional genes of nitrogen cycling in greenhouse cucumbers under different irrigation methods[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 64-72. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.008.

摘要

[目的

]

探究不同灌溉处理对设施黄瓜生态系统氮素气态损失及氮循环功能基因的影响，为不同灌溉方式下设施农田系统氮素气态损失研究的进一步开展提供数据支撑，为中国设施菜地生产系统的灌溉方案制定提供理论基础。[方法

]

选择设施黄瓜为研究对象开展了田间试验，试验设计为传统灌溉(100%IWD)、节水25%灌溉(75%IWD)和节水50%灌溉(50%IWD)。通过野外原位监测试验，利用静态箱—气相色谱法和通气吸收法分别对设施黄瓜土壤N

O排放和氨挥发进行了连续观测记录，采用高通量qPCR基因芯片技术，测定氮循环功能基因。[结果

]

①各灌溉处理中，N

O累计排放量为100%IWD＞75%IWD(p＜0.05)，100%IWD＞50%IWD(p＜0.05)。②NH

累积挥发量为75%IWD＞50%IWD＞100%IWD(p＜0.05)。③土壤中氮循环功能基因丰度整体发生了显著改变(PERMANOVA F=241.82，p=0.001)。④黄瓜产量100%IWD＞75%IWD＞50%IWD(p＜0.05)。[结论

]

50%灌溉显著增加了硝化基因丰度，且75%灌溉和50%灌溉显著降低了反硝化基因丰度。100%灌溉处理的表层土壤N

O气体产生的主要因素是反硝化过程，减少25%灌溉水量导致土壤表层反硝化基因丰度降低，表层土壤反硝化过程减弱，进而使N

O排放量下降。而减少50%灌溉水量没有显著改变土壤表层反硝化基因丰度和N

O排放量。

Abstract

[Objectives] The effects of different irrigation treatments on gaseous nitrogen loss and nitrogen cycle functional genes in a greenhouse cucumber ecosystem were explored to provide data support for further studies on gaseous nitrogen loss in a greenhouse farmland system under different irrigation methods. The results provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of irrigation schemes in greenhouse vegetable production systems in China. [Methods] Facility cucumbers were chosen as the research subjects for field experiments. The experimental designs included traditional irrigation (100% IWD)

25% water-saving irrigation (75% IWD)

and 50% water-saving irrigation (50% IWD). Through in situ field monitoring experiments

continuous observations and records of N2O emissions and ammonia volatilization from the soil of facility cucumbers were made using static chamber-gas chromatography and ventilation absorption. Nitrogen cycle functional genes were identified using high-throughput qPCR gene chip technology. [Results] ① Among the various irrigation treatments

the cumulative emissions of N2O were as follows: 100% IWD > 75% IWD (p<0.05) and 100% IWD > 50% IWD (p<0.05). ② Cumulative ammonia volatilization was 75% IWD > 50% IWD > 100% IWD (p<0.05). ③ The overall abundance of nitrogen cycle functional genes in the soil changed significantly (PERMANOVA

F=241.82

p=0.001). ④ Cucumber yield was 100% IWD > 75% IWD > 50% IWD (p<0.05). [Conclusion] Irrigation at 50% significantly increased nitrification gene abundance

whereas 75% and 50% irrigation significantly decreased denitrification gene abundance. Denitrification was the main factor affecting N2O gas production in surface soil treated with 100% irrigation. Reducing the irrigation water volume by 25% led to a decrease in denitrification gene abundance in the surface soil and weakened the denitrification process in the surface soil

reducing N2O emissions. However

reducing irrigation water by 50% did not significantly change denitrification gene abundance or N2O emissions at the soil surface.

关键词

Keywords

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