黄土高原气候舒适度变化及其与植被覆盖的关系

曹乐乐; 王飞; 戈文艳; 史尚渝; 陈昊

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.0032

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黄土高原气候舒适度变化及其与植被覆盖的关系

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- 黄土高原气候舒适度变化及其与植被覆盖的关系
- Change of climate comfortability and relationship with vegetation cover on Loess Plateau
- 水土保持通报 2025年45卷第2期页码：315-324
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  中国工程科技发展战略宁夏研究院战略咨询研究项目“黄河流域(宁南山区)水土保持与生态环境建设战略研究”(2020NXZD7);中国科学院国际伙伴计划“气候变化对阿根廷水土资源影响评估与综合适应对策研究”(161461KYSB20200001)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.0032
  中图分类号： P463.1
- 网络首发：2025-05-16，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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曹乐乐, 王飞, 戈文艳, 等. 黄土高原气候舒适度变化及其与植被覆盖的关系[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):315-324.

Cao Lele, Wang Fei, Ge Wenyan, et al. Change of climate comfortability and relationship with vegetation cover on Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 315-324.
曹乐乐, 王飞, 戈文艳, 等. 黄土高原气候舒适度变化及其与植被覆盖的关系[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(2):315-324. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.0032.

Cao Lele, Wang Fei, Ge Wenyan, et al. Change of climate comfortability and relationship with vegetation cover on Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(2): 315-324. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.02.0032.

摘要

[目的] 研究黄土高原气候舒适度分布规律及其时空变化特征，并分析其与植被覆盖的关系，为生态修复环境效应和生态产品价值实现机制研究提供参考。[方法] 基于1981—2020年黄土高原气象站点日监测数据，采用温湿指数对黄土高原地区气候舒适度的时空变化状况进行评价，在此基础上利用PKU GIMMS NDVI数据定量评估了站点周边NDVI与气候舒适程度的关系。[结果] ①在空间上，黄土高原中部气候舒适期(非常舒适、舒适型)长(135 d/a以上)；西北部夏季舒适期长，东南部春秋两季舒适期长；西北部年均极不舒适日数多于东南部，较不舒适与不舒适日数低于东南部地区。②在时间上，黄土高原气候舒适期占全年日数的35.46%，主要集中在5—9月；气候不适期(较不舒适、不舒适、极不舒适型)占全年日数的64.54%，主要集中分布在10月至次年4月。黄土高原最主要的气候舒适类型是极不舒适，占全年总天数的27.59%，主要集中在11月至次年2月。③研究时段内，黄土高原85%的站点气候舒适程度呈极显著或显著增加趋势(p＜0.05)，其中研究区66.67%的站点气候舒适程度呈极显著增加趋势(p＜0.01)。黄土高原约21.67%的站点舒适日数显著增加，其中山西省五台山站增加最多(18.89 d/10 a)；约86.67%的站点极不舒适日数呈显著减少趋势；约56.67%的站点较不舒适日数倾向率呈显著增加趋势(p＜0.05)。1982—2020年黄土高原年NDVI总体呈现出积极的增长趋势，53.33%的站点NDVI与气候舒适程度呈现显著或极显著正相关。[结论] 黄土高原1981—2020年气候舒适度不同季节空间分异明显，研究区总体气候舒适程度有所改善；NDVI值的增加与气候舒适程度提高存在同步变化。通过生态修复有望提高黄土高原区域气候舒适度。

Abstract

[Objective] The distribution of climate comfortability and its spatiotemporal variations on the Loess Plateau were studied

and the correlation of comfortable climate with vegetation cover was analyzed

in order to provide insights into the environmental impacts of ecological restoration and the mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological products. [Methods] Based on the daily monitoring data of meteorological stations in the Loess Plateau from 1981 to 2020

the temporal and spatial variation of climate comfortability in the Loess Plateau was evaluated by using the temperature and humidity index. On this basis

the relationship between NDVI and climate comfortability around the site was quantitatively evaluated by using PKU GIMMS NDVI data. [Results] ① The climatic comfort period (very comfortable and comfortable) exceeded 135 days per annum in the central part of the Loess Plateau. The northwest experienced longer summer comfort periods

whereas the southeast experienced longer spring and autumn comfort periods. The northwest exhibited more uncomfortable days annually than the southeast

with fewer days categorized as less uncomfortable or uncomfortable. ② The climatic comfort period on the Loess Plateau accounts for 35.46% of the annual days

primarily from May to September. The period of climate discomfort (relatively comfortable

uncomfortable

and very uncomfortable) accounted for 64.54% of the days in a year and mainly occurred from October to the April of the following year. Extreme discomfort was the predominant climatic comfortability type in the Loess Plateau

representing 27.59% of the total days

mainly occurring from November to February. ③ The degree of climate comfort significantly or highly significantly increased at 85% of the stations on the Loess Plateau (p<0.05)

with climate comfortability highly significantly increasing at 66.67% of the stations (p<0.01). The number of comfortable days significantly increased at 21.67% of the stations

with the largest increase occurring at Wutaishan station in Shanxi Province (18.89 days per 10 years). The number of extremely uncomfortable days significantly decreased at 86.67% of the sites

and the number of less comfortable days significantly increased at 56.67% of the sites (p<0.05). The annual NDVI of the Loess Plateau exhibited significant increasing trend from 1982 to 2020

with a significant or highly significant positive correlation between the NDVI and the degree of climate comfortability at 53.33% of the sites. [Conclusion] The climate comfort spatially varied across the seasons on the Loess Plateau from 1981 to 2020. Overall

the climate comfort ability increased in the study area. The increase in NDVI values was synchronized with the increase in climate comfortability. Ecological restoration shows the potential to further elevate regional climate comfortability.

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