不同地表粗糙度红壤坡面流水动力学特性

陈峰庭; 谭青芳; 黄钰涵; 赵明全; 常志勇; 吴嫡; 黄子轩; 韦娟

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.01.004

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不同地表粗糙度红壤坡面流水动力学特性

试验研究

- 不同地表粗糙度红壤坡面流水动力学特性
- Hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow under different surface roughness of red soil slope
- 水土保持通报 2025年45卷第1期页码：30-39
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 广西大学林学院广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,广西,南宁,530004
  2. 广西水利电力职业技术学院,广西,南宁,530023
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“不同前期含水量下地表糙度对红壤坡面流水动力特性的影响机制”(42207389);广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目(YCSW2024063)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.01.004
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
陈峰庭, 谭青芳, 黄钰涵, 等. 不同地表粗糙度红壤坡面流水动力学特性[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(1):30-39.

Chen Fengting, Tan Qingfang, Huang Yuhan, et al. Hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow under different surface roughness of red soil slope[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(1): 30-39.
陈峰庭, 谭青芳, 黄钰涵, 等. 不同地表粗糙度红壤坡面流水动力学特性[J]. 水土保持通报, 2025,45(1):30-39. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.01.004.

Chen Fengting, Tan Qingfang, Huang Yuhan, et al. Hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow under different surface roughness of red soil slope[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2025, 45(1): 30-39. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.01.004.

摘要

[目的] 探究不同地表粗糙度、坡度和流量下的红壤坡面流水动力学特性，为理解和预测红壤坡面片蚀过程提供科学依据。[方法] 通过5个团聚体粒径(0.25～1，1～3，3～5，5～7，7～10 mm)模拟构建不同地表粗糙度的红壤坡面，试验设计4个流量(2，4，8，16 L/min)和4个坡度(5°，10°，15°，20°)，基于运动恢复结构的摄影测量法和电解质示踪法测定坡面地表粗糙度和流速，计算出每个工况下的地表粗糙度和水动力学参数。[结果] 在试验设计条件下，坡面流平均流速介于0.022～0.531 m/s，雷诺数在63～1 155，弗劳德数范围为0.1～4.1，阻力系数区间为0.13～68.86。地表粗糙度与阻力系数呈正相关(p＜0.01)，与雷诺数(p＜0.05)、弗劳德数和流速(p＜0.01)的呈负相关。坡度与坡面流平均流速和弗劳德数呈正相关(p＜0.01)。单宽流量与雷诺数、弗劳德数和平均流速呈正相关(p＜0.01)，与阻力系数呈负相关(p＜0.01)。[结论] 地表粗糙度增加导致坡面流阻力增大，水流惯性力减小，是决定平均流速、弗劳德数和阻力系数的关键因素。单宽流量通过改变坡面流水深和水流惯性力主导雷诺数的变化。相较于地表粗糙度和单宽流量，坡度对平均流速、雷诺数、弗劳德数和阻力系数的影响最小。平均流速、弗劳德数与地表粗糙度、单宽流量及坡度间呈良好的幂函数关系。雷诺数、阻力系数则与单宽流量和地表粗糙度呈良好的幂函数关系。

Abstract

[Objective] The hydrodynamic properties of red soil slopes under varying surface roughness

slope

and flow rate were analyzed in order to provide scientific basis for a better understanding and prediction of sheet erosion on red soil slopes. [Methods] A study was conducted to simulate red soil slopes with varying surface roughness by using different particle sizes (0.25—1

1—3

3—5

5—7

and 7—10 mm). The experiments involved four flow rates (2

and 16 L/min) and four slopes (5°

10°

15°

and 20°). Photogrammetry based on the structure from the motion technique and the electrolyte tracing method were used to determine the surface roughness and flow velocity on the slope. The collected data were used to calculate the surface roughness and hydrodynamic parameters under each condition. [Results] The mean flow velocity varied from 0.022 to 0.531 m/s under the experimental design conditions. The Reynolds numbers ranged from 63 to 1 155

Froude numbers ranged from 0.1 to 4.1

and the resistance coefficients were within the range of 0.13 to 68.86. The surface roughness was positively correlated with the resistance coefficient (p<0.01) and negatively correlated with the Reynolds number (p<0.05)

Froude number

and flow velocity (p<0.01). The slope was positively correlated with the unit-width discharge of overland flow and the Froude number (p<0.01). The width discharge was positively correlated with the Reynolds number

Froude number

and average flow velocity (p<0.01) and negatively correlated with the resistance coefficient (p<0.01). [Conclusion] Increased surface roughness augments the resistance to overland flow and reduces the influence of flow inertia

serving as a crucial factor in determining the mean flow velocity

Froude number

and resistance coefficient. The unit-width discharge primarily influences the Reynolds number by altering the water depth and flow inertia of the overland flow. Compared with the surface roughness and unit-width discharge

the slope had the least impact on the mean flow velocity

Reynolds number

Froude number

and resistance coefficient. The relationship of the mean flow velocity and Froude number with the surface roughness

unit-width discharge

and slope can be described well by the power function. Similarly

the Reynolds number and resistance coefficient exhibited a strong power function relationship with the unit width discharge and surface roughness.

关键词

Keywords

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