华北土石山区坡面土壤水分动态变化及其对降雨的响应

唐武; 卢山; 王一; 刘太艳; 张劲松; 桑玉强; 张志华

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240923.002

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华北土石山区坡面土壤水分动态变化及其对降雨的响应

试验研究

- 华北土石山区坡面土壤水分动态变化及其对降雨的响应
- Dynamic Changes in Soil Moisture on Slopes and Its Response to Rainfall in Earth-rocky Mountain Area of North China
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第6期页码：77-87
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 河南农业大学林学院,河南,郑州,450002
  2. 河南小浪底森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,河南,济源,454650
  3. 河北鹏宇嘉业建筑工程有限公司,河北,张家口,075400
  4. 北京林业大学林学院, 林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京,100083
  5. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所, 国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京,100091
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“砾石对华北土石山区坡面水分运移的影响”(41807174);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(24A220004);河南省科技攻关项目(232103810014)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240923.002
  中图分类号： S152.7
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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唐武, 卢山, 王一, 等. 华北土石山区坡面土壤水分动态变化及其对降雨的响应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):77-87.

Tang Wu, Lu Shan, Wang Yi, et al. Dynamic Changes in Soil Moisture on Slopes and Its Response to Rainfall in Earth-rocky Mountain Area of North China[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 77-87.
唐武, 卢山, 王一, 等. 华北土石山区坡面土壤水分动态变化及其对降雨的响应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):77-87. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240923.002.

Tang Wu, Lu Shan, Wang Yi, et al. Dynamic Changes in Soil Moisture on Slopes and Its Response to Rainfall in Earth-rocky Mountain Area of North China[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 77-87. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240923.002.

摘要

[目的] 分析华北土石山区坡面土壤水分的动态变化及其对降雨的响应，揭示其降雨响应补给特征及规律，旨在为该地区水资源合理利用以及水土保持提供参考和理论依据。[方法] 以华北土石山区典型自然荒坡地为研究对象，实时监测不同坡位土壤水分动态变化，研究土壤水分对降雨的动态响应特征及其内在规律。[结果] ①坡面年均含水量表现为下坡(20.3%±5.5%)>上坡(19.5%±5.7%)>中坡(15.9%±7.0%)，在垂直剖面呈现深层土壤含水量大于浅层土壤含水量。②土壤水分对降雨的响应速度表现为中坡(1.50 h)显著高于上坡(4.10 h)和下坡(2.80 h)，在垂直剖面呈现深层土壤水分较浅层土壤水分对降雨的响应更为迅速。③降雨对土壤水分的平均补给速率和消退速率为中坡(1.4%/h，0.3%/h)>上坡(0.9%/h，0.2%/h)>下坡(0.7%/h，0.1%/h)，在垂直剖面呈现降雨对深层土壤水分的补给速率、消退速率均大于浅层土壤。[结论] 在华北土石山区，当降雨量>2.7 mm能有效补给坡面土壤水分，中坡和深层土壤对降雨的响应更为迅速。

Abstract

[Objective] The dynamic changes in soil moisture and its response to rainfall in earth-rocky mountain areas of North China were analyzed

and the characteristics and laws of its rainfall response recharge were revealed

aiming at providing a reference and theoretical basis for rational utilization of water resources and water conservation in this area. [Methods] This study focused on typical natural barren slopes in earth-rocky mountain area of North China

employing in-situ monitoring to collect real-time data on soil moisture at different slope positions for detailed analysis. The dynamic response characteristics of soil moisture to rainfall and its intrinsic patterns were studied. [Results] ① The average annual soil moisture content along the slope exhibited the following pattern: bottom slope (20.3%±5.5%) > top slope (19.5%±5.7%) > middle slope (15.9%±7.0%)

and in the vertical profile

deeper soil layers had a higher moisture content than that in shallower layers. ② The response rate of soil moisture to rainfall was significantly faster in the middle slope (1.50 h) compared to that in the top (4.10 h) and bottom slopes (2.80 h)

and in the vertical profile

deeper soil layers responded to rainfall more quickly than shallower layers. ③ The average rates of moisture replenishment and depletion due to rainfall were as follows: middle slope (1.4%/h

0.3%/h) > top slope (0.9%/h

0.2%/h) > bottom slope (0.7%/h

0.1%/h)

and in the vertical profile

the replenishment and depletion rates were higher in deeper soil layers than in shallower layers. [Conclusion] In the earth-rocky mountainous area of North China

when rainfall exceeds 2.7 mm

it can effectively recharge soil moisture on slopes. Additionally

the responses of the middle slope and deeper soil layers to rainfall were notably more rapid.

关键词

Keywords

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