降水与人类活动对山西省6大盆地地下水的影响

申瑜; 王电龙

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240719.002

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降水与人类活动对山西省6大盆地地下水的影响

试验研究

- 降水与人类活动对山西省6大盆地地下水的影响
- Impacts of Precipitation and Human Activities on Groundwater in Six Basins of Shanxi Province
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第4期页码：362-370
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 山西省水文水资源勘测总站,山西,太原,030001
  2. 太原工业学院环境与安全工程系,山西,太原,030008
  3. 中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京,100086
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“气候突变模式下华北农业区地下水保障能力响应特征”(41702263);中国地质调查局地质调查项目“海河流域南系水文地质与水资源调查评价”(DD20221752);山西农业大学科技创新基金项目“水利工程对石家庄都市区地下水流场影响特征与机理研究”(2015ZZ04)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240719.002
  中图分类号： P641
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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申瑜, 王电龙. 降水与人类活动对山西省6大盆地地下水的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(4):362-370.

Shen Yu, Wang Dianlong. Impacts of Precipitation and Human Activities on Groundwater in Six Basins of Shanxi Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(4): 362-370.
申瑜, 王电龙. 降水与人类活动对山西省6大盆地地下水的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(4):362-370. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240719.002.

Shen Yu, Wang Dianlong. Impacts of Precipitation and Human Activities on Groundwater in Six Basins of Shanxi Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(4): 362-370. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240719.002.

摘要

[目的

]

探究山西省6大盆地地下水流场演变的影响因素与机制，为该区地下水资源可持续利用提供理论依据。[方法

]

采用地学统计、投影寻踪回归技术等研究方法，分析降水量变化和人类活动对山西6大盆地地下水系统演变的影响特征。[结果

]

①降水量与地下水位变幅呈直线相关关系，降水量每增加100 mm，太原、运城、大同、忻州、临汾和长治盆地地下水位下降幅度分别减少了0.45，0.46，0.20，0.28，0.22，0.73 m； ②地下水位与地下水系统蓄变量呈直线相关关系，地下水超采量每增加1.00×10

，运城、太原、大同、忻州、临汾和长治盆地平均地下水位分别下降0.18，0.36，0.25，0.55，0.40和2.0 m； ③不同区位影响地下水资源量的相关因素的贡献度有明显差异。降水量是影响地下水资源量的首要因素，贡献度均超过了40%；在运城和大同盆地，耕地变化是第二影响因子，贡献度均为22.55%；太原、忻州、临汾和长治盆地，建设用地变化是第二影响因子，贡献度分别为19.12%，17.57%，16.56%，22.43%。[结论

]

①可通过适时开展人工降雨，增大降水量，增加地下水补给量，减缓地下水位下降幅度； ②在地下水超采区应适当压减地下水开采量，增大地下水系统蓄变量，逐步恢复地下水位； ③应采取有力措施抑制耕地不断减少及建设用地过快增大，从而减少土地利用类型变化对地下水资源量造成的影响。

Abstract

[Objective] The factors and mechanisms influencing the evolution of groundwater flow fields were analysed to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable utilisation of groundwater resources in the study area. [Methods] Using geostatistics

the projection pursuit regression technique

and other research methods

the impacts of precipitation changes and human activities on the evolution of groundwater systems in six basins in Shanxi Province were analysed. [Results] ① Precipitation showed a linear correlation with fluctuations in the groundwater levels. For every 100 mm increase in precipitation

the groundwater levels in the Taiyuan

Yuncheng

Datong

Xinzhou

Linfen

and Changzhi basins decreased by 0.45

0.46

0.20

0.28

0.22

0.73 m respectively. ② Groundwater levels showed a linear correlation with the variations in groundwater storage. For every increase of 1.00×108 m3 in groundwater overexploitation volume

the average groundwater levels in the Yuncheng

Taiyuan

Datong

Xinzhou

Linfen

and Changzhi basins decreased by 0.18

0.36

0.25

0.55

0.40

2.0 m respectively. ③ The contributions of the different factors affecting groundwater resources vary significantly across different regions. Precipitation was the primary factor affecting the groundwater resources

with a contribution rate exceeding 40% in all areas. In the Yuncheng and Datong basins

land changes caused by cultivation were the second most influencing factor

with a contribution rate of 22.55%. In the Taiyuan

Xinzhou

Linfen

and Changzhi basins

land changes caused by construction were the second most influencing factor

with contribution rates of 19.12%

17.57%

16.56%

and 22.43%

respectively. [Conclusion] ① Artificial rainfall can be conducted in a timely manner to increase precipitation and groundwater recharge

thereby slowing the rate of groundwater level decline. ② In areas experiencing groundwater overextraction

groundwater extraction should be appropriately reduced and efforts should be made to increase the groundwater system storage capacity to gradually restore groundwater levels. ③ Effective measures should be taken to restrain the continuous decrease and rapid expansion of cultivated and construction lands

respectively

thereby reducing the impact of land change due to land use types on groundwater resources.

关键词

Keywords

references

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