猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障防沙效应风洞模拟试验研究

陆文赋; 屈建军; 赵爱国; 朱志昊; 王磊; 李敏岚; 孟晨

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240628.002

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障防沙效应风洞模拟试验研究

试验研究

- 猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障防沙效应风洞模拟试验研究
- Wind Tunnel Simulation Experimental Study on Sand Fixation Effects of Shield-shaped Movable Sand Barriers Made with Oxytropis Aciphylla
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第3期页码：84-92
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 宁夏大学生态环境学院,宁夏,银川,750021
  2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃,兰州,730000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  宁夏回族自治区2022年重点研发计划项目“刷状网绳式系列草方格编织与微生物撒播智能化协同装备研发及试验示范”(2022BEG02003);中科院A类战略性先导科技专项“美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项沙漠边缘扩张带稳固技术与示范”(XDA23060201)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240628.002
  中图分类号： S288;U216.41
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
陆文赋, 屈建军, 赵爱国, 等. 猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障防沙效应风洞模拟试验研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(3):84-92.

Lu Wenfu, Qu Jianjun, Zhao Aiguo, et al. Wind Tunnel Simulation Experimental Study on Sand Fixation Effects of Shield-shaped Movable Sand Barriers Made with Oxytropis Aciphylla[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(3): 84-92.
陆文赋, 屈建军, 赵爱国, 等. 猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障防沙效应风洞模拟试验研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(3):84-92. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240628.002.

Lu Wenfu, Qu Jianjun, Zhao Aiguo, et al. Wind Tunnel Simulation Experimental Study on Sand Fixation Effects of Shield-shaped Movable Sand Barriers Made with Oxytropis Aciphylla[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(3): 84-92. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20240628.002.

摘要

[目的] 猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障是运用仿生学原理，由盾状铁网筛与上方扎制固沙灌木猫头刺(Oxytropis aciphylla)茎叶构成的一种新型固沙障。对猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障的防风固沙效应进行试验，以确定最佳固沙障类型，并揭示其防风固沙机理，为野外工程防沙措施的选择和制定提供理论依据。 [方法] 通过风洞模拟试验，在6，10，14，18 m/s 4个风速条件下测量了猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障的风速流场，并在10，14，18 m/s 3个风速条件下对该固沙障进行了携沙风吹蚀试验。对照分析了原位自然型与不同类型，不同大小仿生猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障的防风沙效应。 [结果] ①气流在经过猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障时速度均会减弱，形成明显的减速区。在6 m/s时，减速沉降区均达到了20 H(H为沙障高度，H=11 cm)；随着风速增加，减速沉降区缩小。风速10与14 m/s时，减速沉降区为15 H；且在风速18 m/s时，也能维持15 H的减速沉降区。 ②3种风速梯度下，猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障的平均输沙量是无沙障的13.8%(10 m/s风速)，21.1%(14 m/s风速)，23.4%(18 m/s风速)。 [结论] 结构完整，直径更大的猫头刺盾状移动式固沙障具有最好的防风沙效果。该移动式仿生固沙障防风沙效果好，可移动

可组合并可机械化编制，在防治荒漠化、防风固沙领域有广阔的应用前景。

Abstract

[Objective] The shield-shaped movable sand barrier is a new type of sand fixation barrier. The barrier is made according to bionic principles and composed of a shield-shaped iron mesh screen supporting the stems and leaves of the sand fixation shrub

Oxytropis aciphylla. The sand fixation effects of shield-shaped movable sand barriers were determined to choose the optimized type of sand fixation barrier to reveal the wind break and sand fixation mechanisms of shield sand barriers

in order to provide theoretical references for the selection and formulation of sand control measures in field projects. [Methods] A wind tunnel simulation experiment was conducted. The wind speed and flow field of the shield-shaped sand fixation barrier were measured at four wind speeds of 6

and 18 m/s. The wind erosion experiments were conducted on the sand fixation barriers at three wind speeds of 10

and 18 m/s. Comparative analysis was conducted on the windbreak and sand fixation effects of in-situ natural and different size bionic barriers. [Results] ① When the airflow passed through the shield-shaped movable sand fixation barrier

its velocity weakened

forming a significant deceleration zone. At 6 m/s

the deceleration settlement zone reached 20 H (H means the height of barriers

H=11 cm ). As wind speed increased

the deceleration settlement zone decreased. At 10 and 14 m/s wind speed

the deceleration settlement zone was 15 H. At 18 m/s wind speed

the barrier also maintained a deceleration settlement zone of 15 H. ② Under the three wind speeds

the average sediment transport capacity of the new type of shield-shaped movable sand fixation barrier was 13.8% (10 m/s wind speed)

21.1% (14 m/s wind speed)

and 23.4% (18 m/s wind speed) of the sediment transport capacity without sand barriers. [Conclusion] The shield-shaped movable sand fixation barrier with a complete structure and a largest diameter had the best wind and sand prevention effect. The shield-shaped movable bionic sand fixation barrier had good wind and sand prevention effects

and can be moved

combined

and mechanically woven. It has a broad application potential in the field of desertification prevention

and wind and sand fixation.

关键词

Keywords

references

李红悦,哈斯额尔敦.机械沙障固沙效应及生态效应的研究综述[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2020,56(1):63-67.Li Hongyue, Hasi Eerdun. Sand-fixing effect and ecological effect of mechanical sand barriers: A review [J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Natural Science), 2020,56(1):63-67.

王强,左合君,李钢铁，等.巨菌草留茬沙障防风固沙效益及其适宜模式研究[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(5):1234-1241.Wang Qiang, Zuo Hejun, Li Gangtie, et al. Windbreak and sand-fixation efficiency and suitable modes of

Pennisetum giganteum

sand barrier [J]. Arid Zone Research， 2018,35(5):1234-1241.

张克存,屈建军,俎瑞平.下垫面条件对风沙活动层气流紊动性影响的风洞模拟[J].水土保持通报,2004,24(3):1-4.Zhang Kecun, Qu Jianjun, Zu Ruiping. Wind tunnel simulation to determine the effect of underlying sand laden layer surface characteristics on air current turbulence [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004,24(3):1-4.

丁泊淞,高丽,程建军，等.斜插板式沙障插板倾角影响下风沙流特征的数值模拟[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(1):132-137.Ding Bosong, Gao Li, Cheng Jianjun, et al. Numerical simulation of wind-sand flow characteristics of inclined inserting-type sand fence under influence of inserting plant angle [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation， 2021,41(1):132-137.

舒庆. 防风固沙草方格铺设机器人设计及动力学分析[D]. 黑龙江哈尔滨：东北林业大学,2007.Shu Qing. Study on design and dynamic of straw-checkerboard barriers paving robot [D]. Harbin, Heilongjiang: Northeast Forestry University, 2007.

席琳.荒漠化地区水土保持防治措施研究[J].河南科技,2017(9):77-79.Xi Lin. Research on prevention and control measures of soil and water conservation in desertification areas [J]. Henan Science and Technology, 2017(9):77-79.

程建军,智凌岩,薛春晓.箱体式活动沙障风沙流场特征[J].交通运输工程学报,2017,17(5):61-70.Cheng Jianjun, Zhi Lingyan, Xue Chunxiao. Characteristic of wind-sand flow field of box-type movable sand barrier [J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2017,17(5):61-70.

闫德仁,袁立敏,黄海广,等.直压立式纱网沙障对近地表输沙量及风速的影响[J].中国沙漠,2020,40(2):79-85.Yan Deren,Yuan Limin,Huang Haiguang,et al. Influence of gauze sand barrier on sediment transport and wind speed near surface [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020,40(2):79-85.

杨波,李锋.酒泉市治沙优化模式示范研究[J].中国水土保持,2018(2):31-33.Yang Bo, Li Feng. Study on the optimization model of sand control in Jiuquan [J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2018(2):31-33.

韩雪莹,王涛,杨文斌,等.中国沙障研究进展与热点分析: 基于Vosviewer和Citespace的图谱量化分析[J].中国沙漠,2021,41(2):153-163.Han Xueying, Wang Tao, Yang Wenbing, et al. Research progress and hotspot analysis of sand barrier in China: Quantitative analysis of atlas based on Vosviewer and Citespace [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021,41(2):153-163.

闫婷,黄海广,闫德仁.沙障治沙知多少[J].内蒙古林业,2021(6):40-42.Yan Hai, Huang Haiguang, Yan Deren. What do you know about the application of sand barrier for combating desertification [J]. Inner Mongolia Forestry, 2021(6):40-42.

屈建军,喻文波,秦晓波.HDPE功能性固沙障防风效应实验[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(5):1185-1193.Qu Jianjun, Yu Wenbo, Qin Xiaobo. Wind-protecting efficiency of HDPE functional sand-fixing barriers [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2014,34(5):1185-1193.

高天笑.羽翼袋沙障防风固沙机理的风洞模拟实验研究[D].内蒙古呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2021.Gao Tianxiao. Wind tunnel simulation experiment study on the mechanism of wind-proof and sand-fixing with wing bag sand barrier [D]. Hohhot, Inner Mongolia: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2021.

屈建军,洪贤良,李芳,等.聚乳酸(PLA)网格沙障耐老化性能及防沙效果[J].中国沙漠,2021,41(2):51-58.Qu Jianjun, Hong Xianliang, Li Fang, et al. Aging resistance of polylacticacid sand barriers and its sand fixation effectiveness [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021,41(2):51-58.

孙涛,王继和,满多清,等.仿真固沙灌木防风积沙效应的风洞模拟研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(6):49-54.Sun Tao, Wang Jihe, Man Duoqing, et al. Simulation effect of preventing wind and combating sand of simulated sand-fixing shrub in wind tunnel testing [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2011,25(6):49-54.

刘虎俊,朱国庆,郭春秀,等.两种仿真固沙灌木防风效应的野外观测[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(4):155-159.Liu Hujun, Zhu Guoqing, Guo Chunxiu, et al. Field investigation on wind preventing effect of two simulated shrub [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014,34(4):155-159.

曹蕾,廖贺贺,王旭,等.沙坡头自然保护区猫头刺种群生命表与生存分析[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(4):32-36.Cao Lei, Liao Hehe, Wang Xu, et al. Life table and survival analysis of

Oxytropis aciphylla

in Shapotou Nature Reserve [J]. Journal of Anhui Agri. Sci., 2016,44(4):32-36.

刘雪伟,贺学礼.沙坡头地区猫头刺(

Oxytropis aciphylla

)根际AM真菌时空分布研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2008,31(5):52-56.Liu Xuewei, He Xueli. The spatio-temporal distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of

Oxytropis aciphylla

rhizosphere in the area of Shapotou [J]. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei, 2008,31(5):52-56.

张广才,于卫平,张维江,等.盐池县猫头梁植物资源与群落类型[J].防护林科技,2004(增刊1):45-48.Zhang Guangcai, Yu Weiping, Zhang Weijiang, et al. Plant resources and community types of Maotouliang in Yanchi County [J]. Protection Forest Science and Technology, 2004 (Suppl.1):45-48.

贾丽娜,吴斌,丁国栋,等.宁夏盐池县3种常见沙生植物群落特征及阻沙能力[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(11):56-58.Jia Lina, Wu Bin, Ding Guodong, et al. Characteristics of three common sandborne plant communities and their sand holding capacity in Yanchi County, Ningxia [J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2009,37(11):56-58.

牛得草,李茜,江世高,等.阿拉善荒漠区6种主要灌木植物叶片C∶N∶P化学计量比的季节变化[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(4):317-325.Niu Decao, Li Qian, Jiang Shigao, et al. Seasonal variations of leaf C∶N∶P stoichiometry of six shrubs in desert of China’s Alxa Plateau [J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013,37(4):317-325.

张佳宁,胡小柯,朱国庆,等.民勤绿洲霸王群落的植物多样性[J].草业科学,2013,30(11):1819-1823.Zhang Jianing, Hu Xiaoke, Zhu Guoqing, et al. Species diversity of

Zygophyllum xanthoxylum

community in Minqin Oasis [J]. Pratacultural Science, 2013,30(11):1819-1823.

鱼燕萍,肖建华,屈建军,等.不同坡角公路路基流场的风洞实验[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(3):464-472.Yu Yanping, Xiao Jianhua, Qu Jianjun, et al. Wind Tunnel Test on flow field of highway subgrade with different slope angles [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018,38(3):464-472.

康文岩,王立,屈建军,等.包兰铁路沙坡头段不同编制结构的枝条阻沙栅栏防护效应风洞模拟[J]中国沙漠,2020,40(2):94-99.Kang Wenyan, Wang Li, Qu Jianjun, et al. Wind tunnel simulation experiment on the protective effect of different structures of sand-blocking fence in Shapotou section of Baotou-Lanzhou Railway [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020,40(2):94-99.

李建国,屈建军,李芳，等.不同类型防沙堤流场的风洞实验模拟研究[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(2):291-299.Li Jianguo, Qu Jianjun, Li Fang, et al. Wind tunnel simulation on flow fields around different types of sand dikes [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2012,32(2):291-299.

浏览量

152

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

下垫面条件对风沙活动层气流紊动性影响的风洞模拟

西藏县域生态-经济-社会耦合协调发展的时空演变及预测

城乡融合背景下秦巴山区县域“三生”空间时空演变

2000—2024年黄河源园区生态环境质量变化及其驱动因素

吉林省西部地区新增耕地变化及其驱动机制的多尺度探测