黑龙江省拜泉县典型区坡耕地侵蚀沟发育的影响因素

钱志晶; 刘烨; 侯驭麒; 高澳; 牛羽萱; 徐金忠; 肖洋

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.018

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黑龙江省拜泉县典型区坡耕地侵蚀沟发育的影响因素

试验研究

- 黑龙江省拜泉县典型区坡耕地侵蚀沟发育的影响因素
- Factors Affecting Development of Erosion Gullies on Typical Slope Farmland at Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第6期页码：166-176
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150080
  2. 黑龙江省水利科学研究院,黑龙江,哈尔滨,150000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目子课题“北部低山丘陵水蚀区土壤侵蚀防治保护性利用模式”(2021YFD150080503);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2020D018)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.018
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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钱志晶, 刘烨, 侯驭麒, 等. 黑龙江省拜泉县典型区坡耕地侵蚀沟发育的影响因素[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):166-176.

Qian Zhijing, Liu Ye, Hou Yuqi, et al. Factors Affecting Development of Erosion Gullies on Typical Slope Farmland at Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 166-176.
钱志晶, 刘烨, 侯驭麒, 等. 黑龙江省拜泉县典型区坡耕地侵蚀沟发育的影响因素[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):166-176. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.018.

Qian Zhijing, Liu Ye, Hou Yuqi, et al. Factors Affecting Development of Erosion Gullies on Typical Slope Farmland at Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 166-176. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.018.

摘要

[目的

]

探究东北漫川漫岗黑土区侵蚀沟发育特征，揭示坡耕地侵蚀沟影响因素，为该区侵蚀沟治理提供科学依据及数据支撑。[方法

]

选取黑龙江省拜泉县国富镇的61条典型坡耕地侵蚀沟为研究对象，采用无人机航拍技术生成数字高程模型，并基于研究区域的遥感影像等数据源，提取并分析坡度、坡向、海拔高度等因素对坡耕地侵蚀沟形态变化及发育特征的影响。[结果

]

①研究区侵蚀沟沟长、面积和体积与影响因素(坡度、海拔高度和集水面积)之间存在显著相关性。除沟长外，侵蚀沟形态参数与影响因素相关性从大到小依次为集水面积＞坡度＞海拔高度。②侵蚀沟沟长变化及形态指数随坡度增加呈逐渐下降变化趋势，在坡度为0°～2°范围内达最大值。沟深则随坡度增大而增大，坡度峰值为4°～5°；阳坡、半阳坡坡向侵蚀沟发育显著，西南坡向侵蚀沟发育最为迅速；研究区平均沟长变化及形状指数随海拔高度变化呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，在海拔高度230—240 m范围内达到峰值。③研究区侵蚀沟所处集水面积越大，侵蚀沟形态参数越大，侵蚀沟发育也越剧烈。当集水面积在＞20 hm

区间内时，侵蚀沟沟长变化和沟缘面积达到峰值。④侵蚀沟形态参数与影响因素构建的多元回归模型，拟合程度较高。沟长、面积、体积拟合模型相关系数分别为0.73，0.47，0.16。[结论

]

拜泉县典型区侵蚀沟发育受坡度、坡向、集水面积及海拔高度影响显著，治理时应优先针对治理分布在2°～3°坡度、东南坡坡向、海拔高度230—240 m及集水面积>20 hm

的侵蚀沟。

Abstract

[Objective] The development characteristics of erosion gullies at black soil area in rolling hilly area in Northeast China were explored

and the influencing factors of erosion gullies in sloping farmland were revealed

in order to provide scientific basis and data support for erosion gully control in the region. [Methods] The study selected 61 typical erosion gullies on sloping farmland at Guofu Town

Baiquan County

Helongjiang Province

as research sites. Factors such as slope

aspect

altitude

and catchment area were extracted and analyzed for their effects on the morphological changes and development characteristics of gullies on sloping farmland

using drone aerial photography techniques to generate digital elevation models and based on data sources such as remote sensing images in the study area. [Results] ① The length

area

and volume of the erosion gullies in the study area showed a significant correlation with factors such as slope

altitude

and catchment area. Except for gully length

the correlation between gully morphological parameters and influencing factors ranked from large to small (i.e.

catchment area > slope > altitude). ② Gully length variation and shape index showed a gradual decrease with increasing slope

reaching the maximum value within the range between 0° and 2°. Gully depth increased with increasing slope

peaking at 4° to 5°; significant variations were observed in gully development on sunny and semi-sunny slopes

with the most rapid development occurring on southwest-facing slopes. The average gully length and shape index in the study area showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing altitude

reaching a peak in the range of 230—240 m. ③ Larger catchment areas corresponded to larger gully morphological parameters and more intense gully development. When the catchment area was within the range of >20 hm2

the variations in gully length and gully bank area reached their peak values. ④ A multivariate regression model constructed with gully morphological parameters and influencing factors showed a high degree of fit. The fitting coefficients for gully length

area

and volume were 0.73

0.47

and 0.16

respectively. [Conclusion] The development of erosion gullies in typical areas of Baiquan County is significantly influenced by slope

aspect

catchment area

and altitude. It is recommended to prioritize erosion control measures for gullies located on slopes between 2° and 3°

facing southeast

at altitudes of 230—240 m

and with catchment areas exceeding 20 hm2.

关键词

Keywords

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