土地利用类型变化对水泉湾淤地坝坝控区土壤侵蚀的影响

颉文伟; 黄枭; 田晋华; 高金芳; 王彦武

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.015

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土地利用类型变化对水泉湾淤地坝坝控区土壤侵蚀的影响

试验研究

- 土地利用类型变化对水泉湾淤地坝坝控区土壤侵蚀的影响
- Response of Soil Erosion to Land Use Type Change in Dam-controlled Area of Shuiquanwan Check Dam
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第6期页码：140-148
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃省水土保持科学研究所,甘肃,兰州,730020
  2. 兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃,兰州,730050
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  2022年甘肃省水利科学试验研究及技术推广计划项目“基于淤地坝变水库的提质增效转型研究”“基于机器视觉的淤地坝防汛监测途径与技术”(22GSLK00,2GSLK011);2022年陇原青年创新创业人才(团队)项目“淤地坝水土资源利用关键技术集成与创新示范”(甘组通字[2022]77号);甘肃省重点研发计划项目“基于高质量发展的古浪县黄花滩生态移民区水—生态—经济系统耦合调控技术研究与示范”(22YF7FA165)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.015
  中图分类号： F301.2;S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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颉文伟, 黄枭, 田晋华, 等. 土地利用类型变化对水泉湾淤地坝坝控区土壤侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):140-148.

Jie Wenwei, Huang Xiao, Tian Jinhua, et al. Response of Soil Erosion to Land Use Type Change in Dam-controlled Area of Shuiquanwan Check Dam[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 140-148.
颉文伟, 黄枭, 田晋华, 等. 土地利用类型变化对水泉湾淤地坝坝控区土壤侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):140-148. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.015.

Jie Wenwei, Huang Xiao, Tian Jinhua, et al. Response of Soil Erosion to Land Use Type Change in Dam-controlled Area of Shuiquanwan Check Dam[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 140-148. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.015.

摘要

[目的

]

研究土地利用类型变化对淤地坝坝控区土壤侵蚀量的影响，为淤地坝坝控区域生态建设高质量发展提供理论依据。[方法

]

以甘肃省渭源县水泉湾淤地坝坝控区为研究对象，采用加权平均法对文献资料中的土壤侵蚀模数取值进行修正，并计算出水泉湾淤地坝坝控区不同土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀量；根据遥感影像分析土地利用类型变化过程与特征，结合Pearson相关性分析探究土地利用类型变化对土壤侵蚀量的影响。[结果

]

①2005—2023年水泉湾淤地坝坝控区土地利用类型以梯田为主，比例超过了70%，水体比例不到0.1%，土地利用类型转化方式为梯田、荒草地、坡耕地、疏林地和灌木林之间的相互转化；②2005，2010，2018和2023年土壤侵蚀总量分别为4.54×10

，3.70×10

，3.31×10

，3.95×10

t，土壤侵蚀主要发生在坡耕地、荒草地、疏林地、梯田和灌木林，其中荒草地的年侵蚀总量最大，所占比例为41.74%～49.46%，居民地和道路最小，所占比例不到1%； ③坡耕地与梯田面积变化呈显著负相关，相关系数为0.972；土壤侵蚀量变化与荒草地面积变化呈显著正相关，相关系数为0.983。[结论

]

农业结构调整和农业技术发展是土地利用类型格局变化的主要驱动因素之一。坡改梯和小流域的综合治理是减少区域水土流失的有效办法。

Abstract

[Objective] The impact of changes in land use types on soil erosion amount in the control area of check dams was studied to provide a theoretical basis for the high-quality development of ecological construction in the dam control area. [Methods] The control area of the Shuiquanwan check dam in Weiyuan County

Gansu Province

was selected as the research site. The weighted average method was used to modify the soil erosion modulus from the literature

and the soil erosion amounts for different land use types in the control area were calculated. The change process and characteristics of land use types were analyzed based on remote sensing images

and the influence of changes in soil conservation measures on soil erosion was explored through Pearson correlation analysis. [Results] ① From 2005 to 2023

the main land use types in the dam-controled area of Shuiquanwan check dam were terraced fields

which accounted for more than 70%

while water bodies accounted for less than 0.1%. The transformation of land use types involved mutual changes among terraced fields

wasteland

sloping land

dredged land

and shrubland。② The total amount of soil erosion in 2005

2010

2018

and 2023 was 4.54×103

3.70×103

3.31×103 and 3.95×103 t

respectively. Soil erosion mainly occurred in sloping farmland

wasteland

dredged land

terraces

and shrubland

with wasteland exhibiting the largest annual erosion. Its proportion ranged from 41.74% to 49.46%

while residential land and roads accounted for less than 1%. ③ A significant negative correlation exists between slope-cultivated land and terrace area

with a correlation coefficient of 0.972. There was also a significant positive correlation between soil erosion and grassland area

with a correlation coefficient of 0.983. [Conclusion] The adjustment of agricultural structure and the development of agricultural technology are among the main driving factors for land use types and patterns changes. Comprehensive management of slope changes and small watersheds effectively reduces regional soil and water loss.

关键词

Keywords

references

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