三种环境材料混施对高寒矿区边坡土壤的影响

孔令健; 张琳; 刘一帆; 张莹; 梅重庆; 何沁航; 黄占斌

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.011

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三种环境材料混施对高寒矿区边坡土壤的影响

试验研究

- 三种环境材料混施对高寒矿区边坡土壤的影响
- Effects of Mixed Application of Three Environmental Materials on Slope Soils in Alpine Mining Areas
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第6期页码：97-105
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京,100875
  2. 中国矿业大学(北京) 化学与环境工程学院,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  青海威斯特铜业有限责任公司科研项目“高寒矿区边坡绿化喷播基质配制及其应用技术研究”(2641-ZC-2022-00094);国家重点研究计划项目“煤基高分子材料及其安全修复利用技术”(2020YFC1806504-01)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.011
  中图分类号： S156;S157.2
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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孔令健, 张琳, 刘一帆, 等. 三种环境材料混施对高寒矿区边坡土壤的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):97-105.

Kong Lingjian, Zhang Lin, Liu Yifan, et al. Effects of Mixed Application of Three Environmental Materials on Slope Soils in Alpine Mining Areas[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 97-105.
孔令健, 张琳, 刘一帆, 等. 三种环境材料混施对高寒矿区边坡土壤的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(6):97-105. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.011.

Kong Lingjian, Zhang Lin, Liu Yifan, et al. Effects of Mixed Application of Three Environmental Materials on Slope Soils in Alpine Mining Areas[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 97-105. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.011.

摘要

[目的

]

为解决青藏高寒地区土壤复垦过程中土壤结构较差，水土流失严重等问题，研究3种环境材料对土壤团粒结构改良和理化性质改善的优化组合。[方法

]

以青海德尔尼铜矿为例，利用当地蛇纹石渣土和原土，通过土培模拟正交试验，研究了混施黏合剂、长纤维、稻壳3种材料对边坡土壤改良的效果，并筛选出效果最佳的混合材料比例。[结果

]

正交极差结果表明：黏合剂对土壤团聚体、总孔隙度、田间持水量和土壤容重的影响较强，长纤维和稻壳对pH值和全盐含量的影响较强。与对照相比(CK)相比，黏合剂的加入可以增加土壤容重，但会降低土壤孔隙；长纤维和稻壳可明显降低土壤pH值，提高总孔隙度和田间持水量并适当提高全盐含量。土壤团聚体和pH值最优的组合为A

(黏合剂0.074 g/kg，长纤维2.960 g/kg，稻壳11.110 g/kg)；土壤容重、总孔隙度和田间持水量调节以A

(黏合剂0.037 g/kg，长纤维2.960 g/kg，稻壳7.410 g/kg)组合最优；全盐含量最优组合为A

(黏合剂0.111 g/kg，长纤维1.480 g/kg，稻壳7.410 g/kg)。[结论

]

高寒矿区土壤基质恢复的最优配方是A

1.5

，即黏合剂0.056 g/kg，长纤维2.960 g/kg，稻壳7.410 g/kg为最优配比。它可以改善土壤结构，并具有提高青藏高寒矿区水土保持的能力。

Abstract

[Objective] The optimal combination of three environmental materials for soil aggregate structure and physicochemical properties improvements were examined

in order to solve the problems of poor soil structure and serious soil and water loss in the process of soil reclamation in the alpine region of Qinghai-Xizang region. [Methods] Using the Qinghai Delni Copper Mine as the research site and utilizing the local serpentine residue soil and raw soil

the effect of mixing three kinds of materials

namely binder

long fiber

and rice husk

on the soil improvement was investigated through the soil cultivation simulation orthogonal test

and the ratio of the mixed materials with the best effect was screened out. [Results] Orthogonal polar results showed that the binder had a stronger effect on soil aggregates

total porosity

field water holding capacity

and soil bulk density

whereas long fibers and rice husk had a stronger effect on pH value and total salt content. Binder incorporation increased soil bulk density but decreased soil pore space compared to the control (CK). Long fibers and rice husk significantly decreased soil pH value

increased total porosity and field water holding capacity

and suitably increased total salt content. The optimal combination for soil aggregates and pH value was A2B2C3 (binder 0.074 g/kg

long fiber 2.960 g/kg

rice husk 11.110 g/kg). Soil bulk density

total porosity

and field water holding capacity regulation were optimized using the combination A1B2C2 (binder 0.037 g/kg

long fiber 2.960 g/kg

rice husk 7.410 g/kg)

and the optimal combination for total salt content was A3B1C2 (binder 0.111 g/kg

long fiber 1.480 g/kg

rice husk 7.410 g/kg). [Conclusion] The optimal formula for soil matrix restoration in the alpine mining area was obtained as A1.5B2C2

that is

binder 0.056 g/kg

long fiber 2.960 g/kg

and rice husk 7.410 g/kg as the optimal ratios

which could improve the soil structure and enhances the capacity of soil and water conservation in the alpine mining area of Qinghai-Xizang region.

关键词

Keywords

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