内陆河流域水污染风险分区安全评价——以黑河流域为例

靳春玲; 李战江; 贡力; 蔡惠春; 田亮

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.013

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内陆河流域水污染风险分区安全评价——以黑河流域为例

试验研究

- 内陆河流域水污染风险分区安全评价——以黑河流域为例
- Safety Evaluation of Water Pollution Risk Zoning in Inland River Basins—Taking Heihe River Basin as an Example
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第5期页码：113-121
- 作者机构：
  
  兰州交通大学土木工程学院,甘肃,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“西北内陆河突发水污染预警—溯源—调控技术研究”(72261024);甘肃省科技计划项目(23ZDFA002)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.013
  中图分类号： X52
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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靳春玲, 李战江, 贡力, 等. 内陆河流域水污染风险分区安全评价——以黑河流域为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(5):113-121.

Jin Chunling, Li Zhanjiang, Gong Li, et al. Safety Evaluation of Water Pollution Risk Zoning in Inland River Basins—Taking Heihe River Basin as an Example[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(5): 113-121.
靳春玲, 李战江, 贡力, 等. 内陆河流域水污染风险分区安全评价——以黑河流域为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(5):113-121. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.013.

Jin Chunling, Li Zhanjiang, Gong Li, et al. Safety Evaluation of Water Pollution Risk Zoning in Inland River Basins—Taking Heihe River Basin as an Example[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(5): 113-121. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.013.

摘要

[目的] 对内陆河流域开展水污染风险分区评估，分析内陆河流域水污染风险分布特征，为内陆河其他流域及全国其他流域水污染风险的评估提供参考。[方法] 以2021年黑河流域环境统计数据、DEM数据、水质监测断面数据和基础地理数据等为数据基础，以1 km×1 km网格为基本单元，利用GIS空间分析精细化、可视化表征水污染风险程度和分布情况，采用环境风险场评估法对黑河流域开展水污染风险分区评估，分析该流域水污染风险分区分级分布特征。[结果] 黑河流域只有极少区域处于高风险水平；污染严重水系主要集中在中下游区域，包括洪水河、讨赖河水系以及山丹瓷窑口到高台黑大板河、黑河干流、梨园河等多条河流，准确识别出了黑河流域水污染高风险“热点”区段19个，污染严重部分主要分布于水系周边的风险源以及沿河公路、跨河桥梁与水系的伴行段重叠交叉区域。整个黑河流域的水污染风险处于低风险水平，在可控范围之内。[结论] 该评价指标体系能够从多维度、多空间来表征内陆河流域水污染风险的主要问题，帮助完善内陆河流域水污染风险评价指标体系，提升流域全过程风险管理水平。

Abstract

[Objective] The distribution characteristics of water pollution risk in inland river basins were analyzed. A regional assessment was conducted to provide theoretical support and reference for the study of water pollution risks and incidents in inland river basins. [Methods] Geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis was used to refine and visualize the degree and distribution of water pollution risk based on environmental statistical data

digital elevation model(DEM) data

water quality monitoring section data

and basic geographic data of the Heihe River basin in 2021

and a 1 km×1 km grid as the basic unit. The environmental risk field was used to assess the water pollution risk in the Heihe River basin and to analyze the distribution characteristics of water pollution risk zoning. [Results] Only a few areas in the Heihe River basin were at high-risk levels. Severly polluted water systems were mainly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the river

including Hongshui River

Taolai River system

and many rivers such as the Heidaban River from Shandan Ciyaokou to the Gaotai

main stream of Heihe River

and Liyuan River

Nineteen high-risk “hot spots” in the Heihe River basin have been accurately identified. Severe pollution was mainly distributed in the risk sources around the water system and in the overlapping areas of roads along the river

bridges across the river

and companion sections of the water system. The risk of water pollution in the entire Heihe River basin was low and within a manageable range. [Conclusion] This evaluation index system can characterize the main problems of water pollution risk in inland river basins from multi-dimensional and multi-spatial perspectives to improve the evaluation index system of water pollution risk in these basins and the level of risk management in the entire river basin.

关键词

Keywords

references

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