滇中高原不同土地利用类型产流产沙特征及影响因素——以尖山河小流域为例

顾小华; 杨智; 张兰兰; 普一然; 蒋苗; 冷鹏

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.009

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滇中高原不同土地利用类型产流产沙特征及影响因素——以尖山河小流域为例

试验研究

- 滇中高原不同土地利用类型产流产沙特征及影响因素——以尖山河小流域为例
- Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield Under Different Land Uses and Its Influencing Factors in Central Yunnan Plateau—A Case Study at Jianshan River Small Catchment
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第5期页码：75-82
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 云南省水利水电勘测设计院有限公司,云南,昆明,650021
  2. 云南省水利水电勘测设计研究院,云南,昆明,650021
  3. 玉溪市水土保持工作站,云南,玉溪,653100
  4. 云南省水土保持生态环境监测总站,云南,昆明,650100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  云南省省本级财政项目“云南省年度水土保持监测站点运行管理”
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.009
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
顾小华, 杨智, 张兰兰, 等. 滇中高原不同土地利用类型产流产沙特征及影响因素——以尖山河小流域为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(5):75-82.

Gu Xiaohua, Yang Zhi, Zhang Lanlan, et al. Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield Under Different Land Uses and Its Influencing Factors in Central Yunnan Plateau—A Case Study at Jianshan River Small Catchment[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(5): 75-82.
顾小华, 杨智, 张兰兰, 等. 滇中高原不同土地利用类型产流产沙特征及影响因素——以尖山河小流域为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(5):75-82. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.009.

Gu Xiaohua, Yang Zhi, Zhang Lanlan, et al. Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield Under Different Land Uses and Its Influencing Factors in Central Yunnan Plateau—A Case Study at Jianshan River Small Catchment[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(5): 75-82. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.05.009.

摘要

[目的] 研究滇中高原山区小流域不同土地利用类型植被措施的水土保持效益，为合理种植及改善土地利用现状提供科学依据及理论指导。[方法] 以玉溪市尖山河小流域为研究区，采集研究区2012—2022年的降雨数据结合径流小区径流量和产沙量数据，研究分析次生林地、人工林地、灌草丛地、农耕地、经果林地径流量和产沙量特征及影响因素。[结果] ①径流量排序为：农耕地＞经果林地＞灌草丛地＞次生林地＞人工林地，产沙量排序为农耕地＞人工林地＞经果林地＞次生林地＞灌草丛地。相同降雨条件下农耕地较其他土地利用类型的抗侵蚀性差。②产沙量与径流量二者之间呈明显的正相关性(p＜0.01)，产沙相较于产流具有滞后性，当次生林地径流量≥0.02 mm，灌草丛地≥0.46 mm，人工林地≥0.4 mm，经果林地≥0.62 mm，农耕地≥0.09 mm时才会携带泥沙。③径流量和产沙量与植被盖度、降雨特征因子之间的相关性显著(p＜0.05)，与土壤理化指标中的毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度之间存在显著相关性(p＜0.05)，与其余的理化指标相关性不显著(p≥0.05)。[结论] 研究区内应科学设置植被类型布局，合理分配土地种植模式，科学布局农田整地。

Abstract

[Objective] The soil and water conservation benefits of vegetation measures were analyzed under different land use types for the small catchment from the mountainous areas in the Central Yunnan Plateau to provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for rational planting and improvement of land use status in the area. [Methods] The Jianshan River small catchment from Yuxi City of Yunnan Province was selected as the study area

and the rainfall data were collected from 2012 to 2022. The runoff and sediment yield characteristics and their influencing factors under different land use types (secondary forest

artificial forest

shrub land

cultivated land

economic fruit forest) were analyzed based on the runoff and sediment data from the runoff plots. [Results] ① The order of runoff from different land uses was in the order of cultivated land ＞economic fruit forest ＞shrub land ＞secondary forest ＞artificial forest

and the order for sediment yield was cultivated land ＞artificial forest ＞economic fruit forest secondary forest＞shrub land. The erosion resistance of cultivated land was worse than that of other land use types under the same rainfall conditions. ② A significant positive correlation was determined between sediment yield and runoff (p＜0.01). The sediment delivery lagged behind the runoff generation. Only when the runoff was ≥0.02 mm for the secondary forest

≥0.46 mm for shrubland

≥0.4 mm for artificial forest

≥0.62 mm for economic fruit forest

and ≥0.09 mm for cultivated land could they carry sediment. ③ Runoff and sediment yield were significantly correlated with vegetation coverage

rainfall

soil capillary water-holding capacity

soil capillary porosity

and total soil porosity (p＜0.05). [Conclusion] This study has an important practical significance for scientifically setting up the layout of vegetation types

reasonably allocating the land planting pattern

and laying out the farmland consolidation.

关键词

Keywords

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