北部湾典型入海河流水沙变化及其对土地利用景观格局的响应

许珊珊; 杨夏玲; 黎树式; 王梦竹; 覃新松

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.031

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北部湾典型入海河流水沙变化及其对土地利用景观格局的响应

试验研究

- 北部湾典型入海河流水沙变化及其对土地利用景观格局的响应
- Changes of Water and Sediment in Typical Rivers Entering Sea in Beibu Gulf and Their Response to Land Use Landscape Pattern
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第4期页码：298-308
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院,广西,南宁,530100
  2. 广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室,广西,钦州,535011
  3. 北部湾大学海洋学院,广西,钦州,535011
  4. 广西沿海水文中心,广西,钦州,535000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  北部湾大学海洋科学广西一流学科“平陆运河建设背景下钦州湾动力地貌对水沙变化的响应”(DRB006);《广西北部湾河口海岸研究与实践》教材建设项目(DTC003);国家自然科学基金项目“北部湾南流江三角洲潮滩响应热带气旋的动力地貌过程”(42366008)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.031
  中图分类号： F301.2;S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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许珊珊, 杨夏玲, 黎树式, 等. 北部湾典型入海河流水沙变化及其对土地利用景观格局的响应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(4):298-308.

Xu Shanshan, Yang Xialing, Li Shushi, et al. Changes of Water and Sediment in Typical Rivers Entering Sea in Beibu Gulf and Their Response to Land Use Landscape Pattern[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(4): 298-308.
许珊珊, 杨夏玲, 黎树式, 等. 北部湾典型入海河流水沙变化及其对土地利用景观格局的响应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(4):298-308. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.031.

Xu Shanshan, Yang Xialing, Li Shushi, et al. Changes of Water and Sediment in Typical Rivers Entering Sea in Beibu Gulf and Their Response to Land Use Landscape Pattern[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(4): 298-308. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.031.

摘要

[目的] 研究人类活动影响下中小河流水沙变化特征，为流域水土保持和航道水沙管理提供科学支撑。[方法] 基于南流江、钦江流域1965—2021年近60 a的水沙数据和相关土地利用数据，利用景观指数、水沙突变检验等方法，分析景观格局对流域水沙变化的影响。[结果] ①南流江和钦江流域的径流量和输沙量呈逐渐下降趋势。输沙量下降趋势比径流量的明显，径流量和输沙量的突变点都发生在21世纪00年代。②钦江流域的林地比例由1990年的38%增加至2020年的41.6%，南流江的耕地向林地转移面积逐渐增大。退耕还林政策取得成效，水沙变化也呈现逐渐减少的趋势。③两个流域的水沙变化与景观破碎化程度呈负相关关系、与斑块聚集度呈正相关关系。[结论] 总体上南流江和钦江流域内土地利用变化格局保持较稳定，水沙变化受土地利用变化影响较明显，因此相关部门应该继续加强对生态用地的保护和管理。为了防止水土流失，应该避免人类活动对景观格局的过度干扰，合理规划景观空间配置。

Abstract

[Objective] The water and sediment changes in small and medium-sized rivers under the influence of human activities were analysed to provide scientific support for soil and water conservation and waterway water and sediment management in the watersheds. [Methods] The influence of landscape patterns on water and sediment changes in the basins was analysed based on water and sediment data and land use of the Nanliu and Qinjiang River basins from 1965 to 2021 using the landscape index

water-sediment mutation test

and other methods. [Results] ① Runoff and sediment transport in the Nanliu and Qinjiang River basins showed a gradual downward trend. The decreasing trend of sediment transport was more evident than that of runoff

and sudden change points in both runoff and sediment transport occurred in the 00s of the 21st century. ② The proportion of forestland in the Qinjiang River basin increased from 38% in 1990 to 41.6% in 2020

and the transfer area of cultivated land to forestland in the Nanliujiang River gradually increased. The policy of returning farmland to forests was effective

and the water-sediment change also showed a trend of gradual reduction. ③ The water-sediment changes in the two watersheds were negatively correlated with the degree of landscape fragmentation and positively correlated with the degree of patch aggregation. [Conclusion] In general

the land-use change within the Nanliu and Qinjiang River basins remained stable

and the water-sediment change was more obviously affected by land-use change; therefore

the relevant departments should strengthen the protection and management of eco-lands. Excessive interference of landscape patterns by human activities should be avoided

and landscape spatial configurations should be rationally planned to prevent soil erosion.

关键词

Keywords

references

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