生物炭添加对重庆山区烟田土壤理化性质和烤烟生长、产量及产值的影响

琚晨仪; 王珍珍; 肖庆礼; 赵伟浩; 彭奎; 谭奇忠; 黄明斌

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.022

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生物炭添加对重庆山区烟田土壤理化性质和烤烟生长、产量及产值的影响

试验研究

- 生物炭添加对重庆山区烟田土壤理化性质和烤烟生长、产量及产值的影响
- Effects of Different Biochar Additions on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Tobacco Growth, Yield, and Output Value in Chongqing Mountainous Region
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第4期页码：205-214
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 西南大学植物保护学院, 重庆北碚,400715
  3. 重庆中烟工业有限责任公司,重庆,400060
  4. 西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院, 陕西杨陵,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  重庆中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“重庆烟叶基地土壤保育技术集成与应用”(YL202201),“重庆优质烟叶健康栽培技术集成与应用”(YL202203)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.022
  中图分类号： S152.5;S152.7
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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琚晨仪, 王珍珍, 肖庆礼, 等. 生物炭添加对重庆山区烟田土壤理化性质和烤烟生长、产量及产值的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(4):205-214.

Ju Chenyi, Wang Zhenzhen, Xiao Qingli, et al. Effects of Different Biochar Additions on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Tobacco Growth, Yield, and Output Value in Chongqing Mountainous Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(4): 205-214.
琚晨仪, 王珍珍, 肖庆礼, 等. 生物炭添加对重庆山区烟田土壤理化性质和烤烟生长、产量及产值的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(4):205-214. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.022.

Ju Chenyi, Wang Zhenzhen, Xiao Qingli, et al. Effects of Different Biochar Additions on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Tobacco Growth, Yield, and Output Value in Chongqing Mountainous Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(4): 205-214. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.04.022.

摘要

[目的

]

研究不同生物炭添加对重庆山区烟田黄壤土的理化性质和烤烟生长、产量和产值的影响，为生物炭在土壤保育和烟草生产中的应用提供技术支撑。[方法

]

以烤烟K326为试验材料，2022—2023年在烟田中采用完全随机设计，在常规施肥基础上，设置7个处理，分别为零添加0 kg/hm

(CK)，750 kg/hm

)，1 500 kg/hm

100

)，3 000 kg/hm

200

)，4 500 kg/hm

300

)，6 000 kg/hm

400

)和7 500 kg/hm

500

)。试验期间，对土壤理化性质和烤烟农艺性状、地下地上生物量、烟叶产量和产值进行了监测。[结果

]

①添加生物炭能够提高土壤总孔隙度，增加毛管持水量。第2年试验T

400

，T

500

处理的土壤总孔隙度和毛管持水量均显著高于CK； ②相对于CK处理，生物炭添加都显著提高了耕层土壤速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量，同时T

300

，T

400

和T

500

处理显著提高了耕层土壤有机质含量和pH值，能够有效缓解土壤酸化； ③相对于CK处理，T

300

，T

400

和T

500

处理显著促进了烟叶生长和生物量积累，显著提高了烟叶产量和产值，但基于生物炭对烤烟产量和产值贡献率，T

400

处理的效果最优。[结论

]

在植烟土壤中添加适量的生物炭，可以改善土壤理化性质，提高土壤可耕性，同时改善烟株生长发育状况，提高烟株干物质积累，提升烟叶产量和产值。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of different biochar additions on the physical and chemical properties of yellow loam soil

tobacco growth

yield

and output value were analysed in the Chongqing mountainous region to provide technical support for the application of biochar in soil conservation and tobacco production. [Methods] Flue-cured tobacco K326 was used as the experimental material. In 2022—2023

a completely random design was adopted for the tobacco field

and seven treatments of biochar addition were established based on the conventional film ridge cultivation and fertilisation methods. The seven biochar treatments were as follows: zero biochar addition (CK)

750 (T50)

1 500 (T100)

3 000 (T200)

4 500 (T300)

6 000 (T400)

and 7 500 kg/hm2 (T500) of biochar. During the study period

soil physical and chemical properties

tobacco agronomic traits

ground and aboveground dry matter

and yield and output values were measured. [Results] ① The application of biochar increased the soil porosity and capillary water capacity. The total porosity and capillary water capacity of soil treated with T400 and T500 were significantly higher than those treated with CK in the second year of the experiment. ② Compared with the CK treatment

biochar addition significantly increased the contents of available nitrogen

available phosphorus

and available potassium in the 0—20 cm soil profile

and T300

T400

and T500 treatments significantly increased the organic matter content and pH value in the 0—20 cm soil profile

which could effectively alleviate soil acidification. ③ Compared with the CK treatment

the T300

T400

and T500 treatments significantly promoted the growth and biomass accumulation of tobacco and significantly increased the yield and output value of tobacco leaves. Considering the input-output ratio

the T400 treatment was optimal for improving the physical and chemical properties of soil

tobacco yield

and output value. [Conclusion] Adding suitable amounts of biochar to tobacco field soil can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil

increase soil cultivability

promote the growth

development

and dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants

and increase the yield and output value of tobacco leaves.

关键词

Keywords

references

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