甘肃省庆城县极端暴雨下水保措施抵御暴洪灾害的能力

陈素娥; 马瑞; 张富; 王玲莉; 蒋承洋

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.004

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甘肃省庆城县极端暴雨下水保措施抵御暴洪灾害的能力

试验研究

- 甘肃省庆城县极端暴雨下水保措施抵御暴洪灾害的能力
- Ability of Soil and Water Conservation Measures to Resist Flash Flood Disaster Under Extreme Rainstorm Conditions in Qingcheng County of Gansu Province
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第3期页码：26-35
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃,兰州,730070
  2. 甘肃林业职业技术学院林业工程学院,甘肃,天水,741000
  3. 甘肃智富瑞达生态环境工程有限公司,甘肃,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  甘肃省水利科技项目“甘肃省淤地坝水沙利用与风险管控研究”(甘水建管发[2021]71号)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.004
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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陈素娥, 马瑞, 张富, 等. 甘肃省庆城县极端暴雨下水保措施抵御暴洪灾害的能力[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(3):26-35.

Chen Sue, Ma Rui, Zhang Fu, et al. Ability of Soil and Water Conservation Measures to Resist Flash Flood Disaster Under Extreme Rainstorm Conditions in Qingcheng County of Gansu Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(3): 26-35.
陈素娥, 马瑞, 张富, 等. 甘肃省庆城县极端暴雨下水保措施抵御暴洪灾害的能力[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(3):26-35. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.004.

Chen Sue, Ma Rui, Zhang Fu, et al. Ability of Soil and Water Conservation Measures to Resist Flash Flood Disaster Under Extreme Rainstorm Conditions in Qingcheng County of Gansu Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(3): 26-35. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.004.

摘要

[目的

]

最大洪峰流量是导致暴洪灾害的决定性因素。研究小流域降水频率、治理程度与洪峰流量、暴洪灾害损失的关联性，为水土保持减灾防灾工作提供科学依据。[方法

]

采用回归分析、对比分析等方法，对甘肃省庆阳市庆城县蔡家庙、野狐沟两条相邻流域1981—2022年水保措施的调水效益以及降水因子、水保措施对洪峰流量的影响进行分析。[结果

]

①小流域水保措施调水效益随治理程度的提高而增加，随降水频率的提高而减少。 ②年最大日降水量对洪峰流量变化具有极显著的正向影响(p＜0.01)，贡献率系数为0.707；治理程度对洪峰流量呈负影响，贡献率系数为-0.237。 ③30 a一遇洪峰流量(频率为3%)与50 a一遇洪峰流量(频率为2%)灾害损失强度分别达到1.74×10

，3.13×10

元/km

，后者比前者增长了16.95倍。[结论

]

影响洪峰流量变化的主要因素是年最大日降水量。水保措施对削减洪峰流量具有显著的影响。流域治理程度越高，削减洪峰流量的效果越明显，减少暴洪灾害经济损失的能力越大。

Abstract

[Objective] Maximum flood peak flow is the decisive factor leading to flood disaster. The correlation between precipitation frequency

management level

and flood peak flow and flood disaster loss in a small watershed was studied to provide a scientific basis for soil and water conservation

disaster reduction

and prevention. [Methods] The water transfer benefits of soil and water conservation measures in two adjacent basins of Caijiamiao and Yehugou from 1981 to 2022 were analyzed by using both regression analysis and comparative analysis

as well as the effects of precipitation factors and soil and water conservation measures on flood peak flow. [Results] ① The benefit of water conservation measures in a small watershed increased with increasing management level

and decreased with increasing precipitation frequency. ② Annual maximum daily precipitation had a highly significant positive effect on the change of flood peak flow (p＜0.01)

and the contribution rate coefficient was 0.707. Management level had a negative impact on the flood peak flow

and the contribution rate coefficient was -0.237. ③ The disaster loss intensity of 30-year flood peak flow (frequency of 3%) and 50-year flood peak flow (frequency of 2%) reached 1.74×105 yuan/km2 and 3.13×106 yuan/km2

respectively

with the latter value being 16.95 times greater than the former value. [Conclusion] The main factor affecting the change of flood peak flow was the annual maximum daily precipitation. Soil and water conservation measures had a significant impact on the reduction of flood peak flow. The higher the degree of watershed management

the more obvious the effect of reducing flood peak flow

and the greater the ability to reduce the economic loss of flood disasters.

关键词

Keywords

references

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