不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐及燕麦生长特征的影响

赵文举; 张雪儿; 李建承; 俞海英

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.003

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不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐及燕麦生长特征的影响

试验研究

- 不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐及燕麦生长特征的影响
- Effects of Different Irrigation Methods and Irrigation Amounts on Soil Water and Salt, and Oat Growth Characteristics
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第3期页码：16-25
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃,兰州,730050
  2. 农业农村部智慧农业节水灌溉装备重点实验室,甘肃,兰州,730050
  3. 兰州新区农业科技开发有限责任公司,甘肃,兰州,730300
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目“河西绿洲灌区多源遥感的土壤水盐演变机理与反演模型研究”(52379042);甘肃省东西协作专项(23CXNA0025);甘肃省重点研发计划项目“兰白经济区暴雨山洪灾害风险识别与预警技术研发与示范”(23YFFA0019)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.003
  中图分类号： S275.3
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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赵文举, 张雪儿, 李建承, 等. 不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐及燕麦生长特征的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(3):16-25.

Zhao Wenju, Zhang Xueer, Li Jiancheng, et al. Effects of Different Irrigation Methods and Irrigation Amounts on Soil Water and Salt, and Oat Growth Characteristics[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(3): 16-25.
赵文举, 张雪儿, 李建承, 等. 不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐及燕麦生长特征的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(3):16-25. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.003.

Zhao Wenju, Zhang Xueer, Li Jiancheng, et al. Effects of Different Irrigation Methods and Irrigation Amounts on Soil Water and Salt, and Oat Growth Characteristics[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(3): 16-25. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.03.003.

摘要

[目的

]

探究不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐变化规律及燕麦生长特征的影响，为提高盐碱地作物的生产效能和土壤水分管理提供科学参考。[方法

]

采用盆栽试验，设置3种灌溉方式：常规灌溉、固定单侧灌溉(fixed unilateral root zone irrigation ，FURI)、交替灌溉(alternative partial root zone irrigation，APRI)，3组灌水量：W

(60% θ

～70% θ

，θ

为田间持水率)，W

(70% θ

～80% θ

)和W

(80% θ

～90% θ

)，以常规灌溉作为对照，共9组交互处理。[结果

]

①不同灌溉方式下，土壤各层含水率变化趋势基本一致，随灌水量增加洗盐效果越显著，常规灌溉的深层含水率总体高于其他两种灌溉方式。 ②燕麦株高、叶绿素相对含量(relative chlorophyll content of leaves，SPAD)、品质随灌水量的增加而上升，与常规灌溉相比，W

灌溉水平下，分根交替灌溉处理的粗脂肪，粗蛋白，β-葡聚糖含量分别增加7.02%，3.76%，6.06%，但降低了燕麦叶片的SPAD值，影响其光合能力。③随着燕麦生育期的推进，土壤盐分均呈现不同程度的累积，分根交替灌溉的积盐率最低，同时对燕麦根系生长、水分利用效率及产量影响显著，其中根系总长、根系总表面积、根系总体积较相同灌水量(W

)的常规灌溉分别增加6.75%，6.92%，12.5%，水分利用效率提高17.32%。[结论

]

采用分根交替灌溉方式下的中等灌水量(W

)有利于提高燕麦的生产效能，对盐分累积的控制效果较好。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of different irrigation methods and irrigation amounts on soil water

soil salt changes

and oat growth characteristics were explored to provide a scientific reference for improving crop production efficiency and soil water management in saline-alkali land. [Methods] Pot experiments were conducted with three irrigation treatments: conventional irrigation

fixed unilateral root-zone irrigation (FURI)

and alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI). Three irrigation amounts were evaluated: W1 (60% θf—70% θf

θf is field water-holding capacity)

W2 (70% θf—80% θf)

and W3 (80% θf—90% θf). Conventional irrigation was used as the control. Therefore

there were a total of nine treatment combinations. [Results] ① Under the different irrigation treatments

the change trend of water content in each soil layer was basically the same. As irrigation amount increased

the effect of salt leaching was more significant. The deep water content of conventional irrigation was generally higher than that of the other two irrigation treatments. ② Plant height

relative chlorophyll content of leaves

and oat quality increased with increasiong irrigation amount. The contents of crude fat

crude protein

and β-glucan in oat were 7.02%

3.76%

and 6.06%

respectively

greater under the W2 irrigation level than under the conventional irrigation level

but the SPAD values of oat leaves were lower under W2

which affected the photosynthetic capacity of oat. ③ Soil salinity showed different degrees of accumulation as oat growth progressed

and the salt accumulation rate with alternate partial root-zone irrigation was the lowest. At the same time

soil salinity had a significant effect on oat root growth

water use efficiency

and yield. Total root length

total root surface area

and total root volume increased by 6.75%

6.92%

and 12.5%

respectively. Water use efficiency increased by 17.32% compared with conventional irrigation with the same irrigation amount (W2). [Conclusion] The medium irrigation amount (W2) under alternate partial root-zone irrigation was beneficial for improving the production efficiency of oat and was better at controlling salt accumulation.

关键词

Keywords

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