跨区域量化比较3种土壤类型坡面的拦蓄径流能力

闫颖如; 张文太; 胡桂清

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.014

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跨区域量化比较3种土壤类型坡面的拦蓄径流能力

试验研究

- 跨区域量化比较3种土壤类型坡面的拦蓄径流能力
- Quantitative Comparison of Runoff Retention Capacity for Hillslopes with Three Soil Types Across Regions
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第2期页码：128-136
- 作者机构：
  
  新疆农业大学资源与环境学院新疆土壤与植物生态过程自治区级重点实验室,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830052
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  新疆维吾尔自治区二次引进项目“基于物联网的智能节水灌溉技术应用与推广”(2022012);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才计划“塔额盆地旱作红花集水保墒种植增产效果研究”(2021259)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.014
  中图分类号： P333.5;S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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闫颖如, 张文太, 胡桂清. 跨区域量化比较3种土壤类型坡面的拦蓄径流能力[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):128-136.

Yan Yingru, Zhang Wentai, Hu Guiqing. Quantitative Comparison of Runoff Retention Capacity for Hillslopes with Three Soil Types Across Regions[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 128-136.
闫颖如, 张文太, 胡桂清. 跨区域量化比较3种土壤类型坡面的拦蓄径流能力[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):128-136. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.014.

Yan Yingru, Zhang Wentai, Hu Guiqing. Quantitative Comparison of Runoff Retention Capacity for Hillslopes with Three Soil Types Across Regions[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 128-136. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.014.

摘要

[目的] 基于定量化数值建立一个跨区域评价不同土壤类型和管理措施坡面拦蓄径流能力的指标体系，为水土流失防治工作提供科学指导。 [方法] 在新疆维吾尔自治区伊宁市北山坡的灰钙土、棕红土坡面和贵州赤水市大石河小流域的紫色土坡面各布设了4种管理措施的径流小区，基于2019—2021年4—9月的自然降雨量和径流量观测数据，用径流系数、径流曲线数(CN值)和降雨产流阈值数据量化比较了12个径流小区的减流能力。 [结果] 不同土壤拦蓄径流能力排序为：灰钙土＜棕红土＜紫色土，其CN值分别为90.05，89.53和77.36；其降雨产流阈值分别为3.44，3.50和14.96 mm。不同评价指标结果均显示，灰钙土和棕红土管理措施坡面的拦蓄径流能力顺序为：枯草覆盖＞水平沟＞增渗孔＞对照；紫色土管理措施坡面减流能力的顺序为：园地＞草地＞耕地＞对照。对于对照小区，当径流系数增加1%时，灰钙土、棕红土和紫色土的径流深分别增加了1.73，2.61和6.79 mm；当CN值增加1时，3种土壤坡面的径流深则将分别减少1.00，1.00和0.71 mm。 [结论] 跨区域评价不同土壤类型坡面的减流能力时，推荐用CN值和降雨产流阈值指标，不宜使用径流系数。

Abstract

[Objective] A cross-regional index system was established based on quantitative values to evaluate the runoff retention capacity for slopes of different soil types managed under different practices in order to provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of soil erosion. [Methods] Runoff plots with four kinds of management measures were set up on a gray calcium soil slope and a brown red soil slope of the northern slope of Yining City

Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region

and on a purple soil slope of Dashi River basin

Chishui City

Guizhou Province. Based on observed natural rainfall and runoff data from April to September in 2019 to 2021

runoff coefficient

runoff curve number (CN value)

and rainfall-runoff production threshold data were used to quantitatively compare the runoff reduction capacity of 12 runoff plots. [Results] The runoff retention capacity of different soils followed the order of gray calcium soil < brown red soil < purple soil

and the CN values were 90.05

89.53 and 77.36

respectively. The rainfall-runoff production thresholds were 3.44

3.50

and 14.96 mm

respectively. The results of different evaluation indexes showed that runoff retention capacity of gray calcium soil and brown red soil management measures followed the order of dry grass cover > horizontal ditch > seepage hole > control. Slope flow reduction ability of the purple soil management measures followed the order of garden land > grassland > cultivated land > control. When the runoff coefficient for the control plot increased by 1%

the runoff depth of gray calcium soil

brown-red soil

and purple soil increased by 1.73

2.61

and 6.79 mm

respectively. When the CN value was increased by 1

the runoff depth of the three soil slopes decreased by 1.00

1.00

and 0.71 mm

respectively. [Conclusion] When evaluating runoff reduction capacity of slopes of different soil types across regions

it is recommended to use CN value and rainfall-runoff production threshold

but not runoff coefficient.

关键词

Keywords

references

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