黄土陡坡人工植被下土壤表层的水文效应

刘万智; 赵锦梅; 张露韡; 朱恭; 毛光锐; 崔海明

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.013

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黄土陡坡人工植被下土壤表层的水文效应

试验研究

- 黄土陡坡人工植被下土壤表层的水文效应
- Soil Surface Hydrological Effects of Artificial Vegetation on Loess Steep Slopes
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第2期页码：119-127
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃,兰州,730070
  2. 兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部,甘肃,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  甘肃省科技计划自然科学基金项目“兰州市南北两山陡坡绿化生态成效研究”(LNLJ2022(01))
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.013
  中图分类号： Q948;S152.7
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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刘万智, 赵锦梅, 张露韡, 等. 黄土陡坡人工植被下土壤表层的水文效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):119-127.

Liu Wanzhi, ZhaoJinmei, Zhang Luwei, et al. Soil Surface Hydrological Effects of Artificial Vegetation on Loess Steep Slopes[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 119-127.
刘万智, 赵锦梅, 张露韡, 等. 黄土陡坡人工植被下土壤表层的水文效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):119-127. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.013.

Liu Wanzhi, ZhaoJinmei, Zhang Luwei, et al. Soil Surface Hydrological Effects of Artificial Vegetation on Loess Steep Slopes[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 119-127. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.013.

摘要

[目的

]

探讨栽植坡度、坡向对绿化陡坡土壤表层水文效应的影响，为黄土陡坡植被恢复过程中水资源的有效利用提供科学依据。 [方法

]

在干旱半干旱区选择46°~55°和56°~65°两个陡坡级的阴坡、半阴坡、阳坡、半阳坡4种坡向绿化8 a的乔灌木陡坡，测定0—40 cm土层的土壤基本性状、持水量和渗透性能，分析各土壤因子和地形因子的关系。 [结果

]

①坡度和坡向立地因子之间交互作用对0—40 cm土层土壤容重、质量含水量、总孔隙度、最大持水量有显著影响(p

0.05)，对0—20 cm土层土壤毛管孔隙度、毛管持水量有显著影响(p

0.05)，其他因子影响均不显著(p>0.05)。 ②不同坡度间，最大持水量表现为：46°~55°>56°~65°陡坡；平均渗透速率则表现为：56°~65°>46°~55°陡坡；同时不同坡向间，最大持水量表现为：阳坡(522.42 t/hm

)>半阳坡(505.03 t/hm

)>阴坡(502.27 t/hm

)>半阴坡(496.15 t/hm

)；土壤平均渗透速率表现为阳坡(0.79 mm/min)>半阳坡(0.59 mm/min)>阴坡(0.42 mm/min)>半阴坡(0.30 mm/min)。 ③双因素方差分析表明，坡度级和坡向的双因素交互作用对陡坡的水文特征影响最大。 [结论

]

46°~55°陡坡的土壤基本性状优于56°~65°陡坡，而阳坡和半阳坡的水源涵养能力高于阴坡和半阴坡。

Abstract

[Objective]The influences of slope inclination aspect on hydrological characteristics in the soil surface layer and on the greening steep slopes were studied in order to provide a basis for the effective use of water resources in the process of vegetation restoration on steep loess slopes. [Methods] We conducted a comprehensive study on two steep slopes with inclinations of 46°~55° and 56°~65° located in arid and semi-arid regions. These slopes were categorized into four slope orientations: shady slopes

semi-shady slopes

sunny slopes

and semi-sunny slopes. Arboriculture and shrubbery greening initiatives were implemented on these steep slopes over an 8-year period. We conducted extensive analyses on basic soil properties

water-holding capacity

and infiltration of the 0—40 cm soil layer. Furthermore

we explored the intricate relationship between various soil factors and terrain factors. [Results] ① The interaction between slope classes and slope orientations stand factors had a significant effect (p<0.05) on soil bulk weight

mass water content

total porosity

and maximum water holding capacity in the 0—40 cm soil layer

and a significant effect (p<0.05) on soil gross tubular porosity and gross tubular water holding capacity in the 0—20 cm soil layer

However

these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05) under alternative conditions. ② Maximum water-holding capacity was found to be higher for the 46°~55° steep slopes than for the 56°~65° steep slopes. Conversely

the average infiltration rate was higher for the 56°~65° steep slopes than for the 46°~55° steep slopes. Sunny slopes had the highest maximum water-holding capacity (522.42 t/hm2)

followed by semi-sunny slopes (505.03 t/hm2)

shady slopes (502.27 t/hm2)

and semi-shady slopes (496.15 t/hm2). Similarly

the average soil infiltration rate was highest for sunny slopes (0.79 mm/min)

followed by semi-sunny slopes (0.59 mm/min)

shady slopes (0.42 mm/min)

and semi-shady slopes (0.30 mm/min). ③ A two-factor analysis of variance revealed that the interaction between slope class and slope aspect had the most significant impact on the hydrological characteristics of steep slopes. [Conclusion] Basic soil properties were better for 46°~55° steep slopes than for 56°~65° steep slopes. Moreover

sunny and semi-sunny slope orientations exhibited greater water-holding capacities than shady and semi-shady slope orientations.

关键词

Keywords

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