模拟降雨条件下重构阻水层对坡面风化煤矸石产流产沙的影响

张颂扬; 张巍; 杨鹏辉; 杨思远; 杨海龙

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.011

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

模拟降雨条件下重构阻水层对坡面风化煤矸石产流产沙的影响

试验研究

- 模拟降雨条件下重构阻水层对坡面风化煤矸石产流产沙的影响
- Effect of Reconstructed Water-blocking Layers on Sediment Production from Weathered Coal Gangue on Slopes Under Simulated Rainfall Conditions
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第2期页码：101-109
- 作者机构：
  
  北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目“高寒矿区水源涵养功能恢复新型材料和冻土剖面近自然重构技术研发与试验示范”(2022YFF1302604)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.011
  中图分类号： P333.5;S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张颂扬, 张巍, 杨鹏辉, 等. 模拟降雨条件下重构阻水层对坡面风化煤矸石产流产沙的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):101-109.

Zhang Songyang, Zhang Wei, Yang Penghui, et al. Effect of Reconstructed Water-blocking Layers on Sediment Production from Weathered Coal Gangue on Slopes Under Simulated Rainfall Conditions[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 101-109.
张颂扬, 张巍, 杨鹏辉, 等. 模拟降雨条件下重构阻水层对坡面风化煤矸石产流产沙的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):101-109. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.011.

Zhang Songyang, Zhang Wei, Yang Penghui, et al. Effect of Reconstructed Water-blocking Layers on Sediment Production from Weathered Coal Gangue on Slopes Under Simulated Rainfall Conditions[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 101-109. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.011.

摘要

[目的] 为缓解水分因子对高寒矿区扰动土体无法形成冻土带来的不利影响，研究提出扰动土体下方添加高阻水性材料亲水性聚氨酯(W-OH)重构底部阻水层(近似无缝隙的不透水层)的设计方案，分析重构阻水层后高寒矿区风化煤矸石坡面入渗、产流和产沙的变化特征，为高寒矿区扰动坡面冻土重现以及重构阻水层的坡面水土流失防治提供理论支撑。 [方法] 通过人工模拟降雨试验，研究在60和90 mm/h降雨雨强条件下，重构阻水层(添加W-OH浓度0%，1.5%，2.5%，3.5%，4.5%)后不同坡度条件的(3种坡度5°，15°，25°)的风化煤矸石坡面入渗特性和水土流失变化规律。 [结果] ①重构阻水层后的煤矸石坡面稳定入渗率较自然坡面明显降低，且与W-OH添加浓度呈负相关关系； ②煤矸石坡面产流率随时间变化呈现先快速上升后逐渐平稳的变化趋势，平均产流率与W-OH添加浓度呈现正相关关系，添加浓度为1.5%，2.5%，3.5%，4.5% W-OH的煤矸石坡面平均产流率较自然状态增加26.75%，38.02%，46.90%，63.23%； ③坡面平均流速与降雨雨强、W-OH添加浓度和坡度均呈正相关关系，影响程度表现为：降雨雨强＞坡度＞W-OH添加浓度。 ④坡面产沙率随时间变化曲线多为“单峰”曲线，呈现先迅速上升随后缓慢下降最终趋于稳定的变化趋势，添加浓度为1.5%，2.5%，3.5%，4.5% W-OH的煤矸石坡面平均产沙率较自然状态增加26.98%，49.48%，71.64%，94.01%。 [结论] 重构阻水层对坡面风化煤矸石渗透性能降低明显，能有效帮助高寒矿区扰动坡面的冻土恢复和形成，但入渗率的降低使坡面更容易产生径流，增加了地表的产流产沙，可配置一定的水土保持措施。

Abstract

[Objective] A design scheme was proposed involving the addition of hydrophilic polyurethane (W-OH

a highly water-resistant material) under disturbed soil conditions to reconstruct a bottom water-resistant layer (approximately seamless impervious layer) in order to alleviate the adverse effects of water factors on the failure of disturbed soil to form frozen soil in a high cold mining area. Changes in slope infiltration

flow production

and sediment production of weathered coal gangue after the reconstruction of a water-blocking layer in an alpine mining area were studied to provide theoretical support for the recurrence of frozen soil on a disturbed slope and the prevention and control of soil erosion on a slope after the reconstruction of a water-blocking layer. [Methods] Simulated artificial rainfall was applied at rates of 60 mm/h and 90 mm/h to reconstructed water-blocking layers having W-OH concentrations of 0%

1.5%

2.5%

3.5%

and 4.5%. Infiltration characteristics and soil and water loss changes of the weathered coal gangue slope under three different slope conditions (5°

15°

25°) were obtained. [Results] ① The stable infiltration rate of the coal gangue slope after application of a reconstructed water-blocking layer was significantly lower than that of natural slope

and was negatively correlated with W-OH concentration. ② The flow yield of the coal gangue slope showed a trend of rapid increase at first and then gradually becoming stable over time

and the average flow yield showed a positive correlation with the W-OH addition concentration. The average runoff yield of coal gangue slopes with 1.5%

2.5%

3.5%

and 4.5% W-OH increased by 26.75%

38.02%

46.90%

and 63.23%

respectively

compared with the natural state. ③ The average slope velocity was positively correlated with rainfall intensity

W-OH addition concentration

and slope

and the influence degree followed the order of rainfall intensity＞slope addition concentration＞W-OH addition concentration. ④ The variation curve of slope sediment yield over time was mostly a “unimodal” curve

which showed a rapid rise at first

then a slow decline and finally tends to be stable. The average sediment yield of coal gangue slopes with 1.5%

2.5%

3.5%

and 4.5% W-OH increased by 26.98%

49.48%

71.64%

and 94.01% compared with the natural state. [Conclusion] The reconstructed water-blocking layer significantly reduced the permeability of weathered coal gangue on the slope

thereby effectively helping the recovery and formation of frozen soil on disturbed slopes in high

cold

mining areas. However

the decrease in infiltration rate could make the slope more prone to runoff and increases sediment production on the surface

and therefore

certain soil and water conservation measures should be applied.

关键词

Keywords

references

王伟超,梁振新,张文龙,等.青海省祁连山聚乎更矿区冻土特征及其生态地质功能作用研究[J].中国煤炭地质,2022,34(7):56-60,66. Wang Weichao, Liang Zhenxin, Zhang Wenlong, et al. Research on permafrost characteristics and eco-geological function of Juhugen Mining area, Qilian Mountains, Qinghai Province[J]. Coal Geology of China, 2022,34(7):56-60,66.

Song Liang, Yu Ying, Yan Zelin, et al. Rapid analysis of composition of coal gangue based on deep learning and thermal infrared spectroscopy[J]. Sustainability, 2022,14(23):16210.

贾敏.煤矸石综合利用研究进展[J].矿产保护与利用,2019,39(4):46-52. Jia Min. The current situation research on comprehensive utilization of coal gangue[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019,39(4):46-52.

Feng Yan, Shi Liang, Ma Deng, et al. Road performance evaluation of unburned coal gangue in cold regions[J]. Sustainability, 2023,15(18):13915.

Shi Fang, Li Xiaodan, Cao Ying, et al. The feasibility analysis of "ecological photovoltaics" from coal gangue mountains[J]. Sustainability, 2023,15(11):8761.

段锋,马爱琼,肖国庆,等.煤矸石在高温材料中的应用研究进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2013,32(9):1811-1816. Duan Feng, Ma Aiqiong, Xiao Guoqing, et al. Study progress on application of coal gangue in high temperature materials[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2013,32(9):1811-1816.

王黎军.W-OH新型防渗材料在高寒干旱区渠道中的应用研究[J].节水灌溉,2011(4):28-30,34. Wang Lijun. Application of W-OH new anti-seeping material in canal of cold and arid area[J]. Water Saving Irrigation, 2011(4):28-30.

李樊敏.聚丙烯酰胺和石膏粉对黄土坡地产流产沙的影响[J].人民黄河,2023,45(7):116-119,139. Li Fanmin. Effects of polyacrylamide and gypsum on runoff and sediment yields in the loess slope land[J]. Yellow River, 2023,45(7):116-119,139.

王欣,朱绪超,梁音,等.新型W-OH材料对南方典型侵蚀土壤入渗和产流产沙的影响[J].中国水土保持科学(中英文),2020,18(6):123-131. Wang Xin, Zhu Xuchao, Liang Xin, et al. Effects of new polyurethane material (W-OH) on infiltration and runoff and sediment yield of two typical erodible soils in South China[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020,18(6):123-131.

冯慧敏,王电龙,胡振华.风化煤矸石坡面水土流失规律模拟[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(2):39-44. Feng Huimin, Wang Dianlong, Hu Zhenhua. Soil erosion and water loss laws of mine waste slope[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013,11(2):39-44.

罗璟,裴向军,黎俊豪,等.模拟降雨条件下角砾和圆砾对陡峭路堑边坡产流产沙的影响[J].水土保持通报,2023,43(3):1-10. Luo Jing, Pei Xiangjun, Li Junhao. Effects of breccias and round gravels on steep cut slope runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,43(3):1-10.

刘目兴,聂艳,于婧.不同初始含水率下粘质土壤的入渗过程[J].生态学报,2012,32(3):871-878. Liu Muxing, Nie Yan, Yu Jing. The infiltration process of clay soil under different initial soil water contents[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012,32(3):871-878.

曾辰,王全九,樊军.初始含水率对土壤垂直线源入渗特征的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(1):24-30. Zeng Chen, Wang Quanjiu, Fan Jun. Effect of initial water content on vertical line-source infiltration characteristics of soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2010,26(1):24-30.

张璐.一种亲水反应型聚氨酯在藏北退化草原的应用研究[D].江苏镇江:江苏大学,2020. Zhang Lu. Application of a hydrophilic teactive polyurethane in degraded steppe of Northern Tibet[D]. Zhenjiang, Jiangsu:Jiangsu University,2020

吕凯,段颖丹,吴伯志.降雨强度和秸秆覆盖对坡耕地烤烟降雨入渗特征的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(1):91-97. Lü Kai, Duan Yingdan, Wu Bozhi, et al. Effect of rainfall intensity and straw mulching on infiltration of rainfall into slope planted with flue-cured tobacco[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2020,39(1):91-97.

曾凤铃,刘淑婧,运剑苇,等.模拟降雨条件下三峡库区紫色土坡地产流入渗特征[J].中国水土保持科学(中英文),2022,20(1):107-113. Zeng Fengling, Liu Shujing, Yun Jianwei, et al. Runoff and infiltration characteristics of purple soil slope in the Three Gorges reservoir region under simulated rainfall[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022,20(1):107-113.

贾莲莲.模拟降雨条件下黄土坡面侵蚀过程与调控试验研究[D].陕西西安:西安理工大学,2010. Jia Lianlian. Experiment study on soil erosion process and regulation on loess slope under simulating rainfall[D]. Shaanxi Xi'an:Xi'an University of Technology,2010

陈泽勋,刘廷玺,王怡璇,等.模拟降雨条件下典型草原坡面初始产流时间及产流产沙量[J].生态学杂志,2022,41(7):1316-1323. Chen Zexun, Liu Tingxi, Wang Yixuan, et al. Quantitative analysis of the contribution of different rainfall conditions to runoff and sediment yield on typical grassland slope[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022,41(7):1316-1323.

姚冲,查瑞波,黄少燕,等.模拟降雨条件下第四纪红黏土坡面侵蚀过程[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(3):10-15. Yao Chong, Zha Ruibo, Huang Shaoyan, et al. Study on processes of erosion on hillslopes of quaternary red clay under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018,32(3):10-15.

洪斌,张祖莲,黄英,等.人工降雨条件下云南红土坡面土壤侵蚀特性[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(4):118-123. Hong Bin, Zhang Zulian, Huang Ying, et al. Erosion characteristics of Yunnan laterite under artificial rainfall conditions[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016,36(4):118-123.

李瀚之,余新晓,樊登星,等.模拟降雨条件下黑麦草覆盖度对褐土坡面径流流速的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2014,36(5):94-98. Li Hanzhi, Yu Xinxiao, Fan Dengxing, et al. Effects of ryegrass coverage on runoff velocity of cinnamon soil slope under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2014,36(5):94-98.

梁志权,卓慕宁,郭太龙,等.不同雨强及坡度下坡面流的水动力特性[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(4):638-642. Liang Zhiquan, Zhuo Muning, Guo Tailong, et al. Effects of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on hydrodynamic characterisics of overland flow[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2015,24(4):638-642.

张琪琳,王占礼,张庆玮,等.雨强及坡度对黄土区草地坡面水流流速的影响[J].人民黄河,2018,40(4):96-99. Zhang Qilin, Wang Zhanli, Zhang Qingwei, et al. Experiment on influence of rainfall intensity and slope on flow velocity in loess area grassland[J]. Yellow River, 2018,40(4):96-99.

Tian Haojun, Kong Zhigang. Influence of rainfall intensity and slope on the slope erosion of Longling completely weathered granite[J]. Applied Sciences, 2023,13(9):5295.

李瑞栋,王文龙,娄义宝,等.模拟降雨条件下砾石含量对塿土工程堆积体坡面产流产沙的影响[J].应用生态学报,2022,33(11):3027-3036. Li Ruidong, Wang Wenlong, Lou Yibao, et al. Effects of gravel content on runoff and sediment yield on Lou soil engineering accumulation slopes under simulated rainfall conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022,33(11):3027-3036.

赵莼,高照良,李永红,等.连续径流冲刷条件下工程堆积体土壤侵蚀特征[J].水土保持通报,2022,42(6):61-67. Zhao Chun, Gao Zhaoliang, Li Yonghong, et al. Soil erosion characteristics of engineering deposits under continuous runoff scouring[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022,42(6):61-67.

孙若修,申明爽,胡亚伟,等.模拟降雨下坡面草带分布对产流产沙过程的影响[J].水土保持学报,2022,36(4):22-29. Sun Ruoxiu, Shen Mingshuang, Hu Yawei, et al. Effect of grass belt distribution on runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022,36(4):22-29.

何周窈,何淑勤,逯传琦,等.大渡河流域干旱河谷区坡面侵蚀产沙与水动力学特征研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2023,32(4):832-841. He Zhouyao, He Shuqin, Lu Chuanqi, et al. Study on characteristics of slope erosion sediment production and hydrodynamics in arid valley area of Dadu River basin[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2023,32(4):832-841.

Wang Lei, Li Yan, Wu Jiajun, et al. Effects of the rainfall intensity and slope gradient on soil erosion and nitrogen loss on the sloping fields of Miyun Reservoir[J]. Plants, 2023,12(3):423.

浏览量

371

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

不同下垫面径流小区次降雨侵蚀特征相关分析

腾格里沙漠宁夏回族自治区中卫市沙层水分入渗研究

滨海盐渍土和棕壤咸水入渗特征分析

不同下垫面径流小区次降雨对产流产沙的影响

聚丙烯酰胺与腐植酸混施对紫色土水分入渗特性的影响