乌兰布和沙漠典型沿黄段格状沙障防风固沙效应

马泽; 蒙仲举; 罗建国; 阿拉腾陶格苏; 赵东颖

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.001

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乌兰布和沙漠典型沿黄段格状沙障防风固沙效应

试验研究

- 乌兰布和沙漠典型沿黄段格状沙障防风固沙效应
- Wind-prevention and Sand Fixation Effects of Checkerboard Sand Barrier Along Typical Yellow River Bank in Ulan Buh Desert
- 水土保持通报 2024年44卷第2期页码：1-10
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010018
  2. 鄂托克前旗林业生态保护中心,内蒙古,鄂尔多斯,016200
  3. 鄂尔多斯市地质调查监测院,内蒙古,鄂尔多斯,017010
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“黄河沿岸流动沙丘固定及风沙阻断技术研究与示范”(2022YFHH0076)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.001
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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马泽, 蒙仲举, 罗建国, 等. 乌兰布和沙漠典型沿黄段格状沙障防风固沙效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):1-10.

Ma Ze, Meng Zhongju, LuoJianguo, et al. Wind-prevention and Sand Fixation Effects of Checkerboard Sand Barrier Along Typical Yellow River Bank in Ulan Buh Desert[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 1-10.
马泽, 蒙仲举, 罗建国, 等. 乌兰布和沙漠典型沿黄段格状沙障防风固沙效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2024,44(2):1-10. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.001.

Ma Ze, Meng Zhongju, LuoJianguo, et al. Wind-prevention and Sand Fixation Effects of Checkerboard Sand Barrier Along Typical Yellow River Bank in Ulan Buh Desert[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 1-10. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.001.

摘要

[目的] 探究乌兰布和沙漠典型沿黄段机械沙障的固沙效果，为沙区沿黄段的沙障合理配置及应用提供理论支撑和科学参考。 [方法] 以2 m×2 m规格的纱网沙障、聚乳酸(PLA)沙障、麦草沙障为研究对象，通过测定格状沙障近地表10，20，50，100和200 cm处的风速，同步收集近地表0—50 cm处的风蚀物颗粒，对3种格状沙障在形成稳定障面后的防风固沙效应进行研究。 [结果] ①纱网沙障、PLA沙障和麦草沙障均有效降低了近地表风速，尤以距地表10 cm高度处最为明显。在10.32 m/s风速下，其防风效能分别达到了49.73%，39.92%和38.33%。 ②PLA沙障的风速廓线呈现S形曲线特征，3种沙障的粗糙度均较裸沙丘有较大提升。 ③与裸沙丘相比，3种沙障降低了近地表10 cm处风的扰动度。 ④纱网沙障、PLA沙障和麦草沙障的输沙率随高度均呈指数关系，固沙效应分别为94.37%，44.80%和53.16%。3种沙障相较于裸沙丘有效抬升了沙粒的平均跃移高度，纱网沙障提升为对照的5.35倍。 [结论] 根据乌兰布和沙漠沿黄段风沙活动程度及材料可获取性，建议从河岸向流动沙丘依次布设麦草沙障固沙，聚乳酸纤维沙障固沙促生，纱网沙障防风固沙，实现3种格状沙障防风固沙综合效益的最大发挥。

Abstract

[Objective] The sand fixation effects of mechanical sand barrier along typical Yellow River bank in Ulan Buh Desert were studied in order to provide theoretical supports and scientific references for the rational configuration and application of sand barriers in the desert areas along the Yellow River. [Methods] Checkerboard sand barriers comprised of 2 m×2 m gauze

polylactic acid (PLA)

and straw were evaluated. Measurements of wind speed at heights of 10

100

and 200 cm above the three checkerboard sand barrier treatments and the simultaneous collection of aeolian dust from 0 to 50 cm near the surfaces were used to determine the effects of three types of sand barrier on wind prevention and sand fixation after forming a stable barrier surface. [Results] ① The sand barriers of gauze

PLA

and straw all effectively reduced the near-surface wind speed

especially at the height of 10 cm. When the wind speed was 10.32 m/s

the wind protection efficiency of the three sand barriers reached 49.73%

39.92%

and 38.33%

respectively. ② The wind speed profile of the PLA sand barrier had an S-shaped curve

and the roughness of the three types of sand barriers was greater than observed for the bare dune. ③ Compared with the bare dune

the three types of sand barriers reduced the degree of wind disturbance at the height of 10 cm above the surface. ④ The sediment transport rate of the gauze

PLA

and straw sand barriers showed an exponential relationship with height

and the sand fixation effect was 94.37%

44.80%

and 53.16%

respectively. Compared with the bare dune

these three types of sand barriers effectively elevated the average saltation height of sand grains

and the gauze sand barrier elevated to 5.35 times that of the control. [Conclusion] According to the degree of wind and sand activity along the Yellow River bank in Ulan Buh Desert

and the availability of sand barrier materials

it is suggested that

from the river bank to the mobile sand dunes

people should sequentially arrange straw sand barriers to fix sand

polylactic acid fiber sand barriers to fix sand and promote vegetation growth

and gauze sand barriers to prevent wind and fix sand. Therefore

the best comprehensive benefit of three kinds of checkerboard sand barriers to prevent wind and fix sand could be achieved.

关键词

Keywords

references

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