旱地长期覆盖下土壤团聚体有机碳及无机碳的变化规律

李萌; 李彦; 杨那; 马子宗; 王红丽; 岳善超; 翟丙年; 王朝辉; 李紫燕

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230526.002

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旱地长期覆盖下土壤团聚体有机碳及无机碳的变化规律

试验研究

- 旱地长期覆盖下土壤团聚体有机碳及无机碳的变化规律
- Effects of Different Mulching Measures on Distribution of Organic Carbon and Inorganic Carbon in Soil Aggregates Under Spring Maize Cultivation
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第3期页码：357-365
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所,甘肃,兰州,730070
  3. 西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目“陕甘黄土丘陵区适水改土与生态保育协同技术集成及示范(2021YFD1900704);国家自然科学基金项目“旱地覆膜栽培土壤团聚体有机碳稳定性改变的微生物机制”(42177342);陕西省重点项目(2022ZDLNY0,020zdzx03-02-01);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-27);西北农林科技大学试验示范站(基地)科技创新与成果转化项目(TGZX2020-18);甘肃省旱作区水资源高效利用重点实验室资助项目(HNSJJ-2021)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230526.002
  中图分类号： S153.6;S157.4
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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李萌, 李彦, 杨那, 等. 旱地长期覆盖下土壤团聚体有机碳及无机碳的变化规律[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):357-365.

Li Meng, Li Yan, Yang Na, et al. Effects of Different Mulching Measures on Distribution of Organic Carbon and Inorganic Carbon in Soil Aggregates Under Spring Maize Cultivation[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 357-365.
李萌, 李彦, 杨那, 等. 旱地长期覆盖下土壤团聚体有机碳及无机碳的变化规律[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):357-365. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230526.002.

Li Meng, Li Yan, Yang Na, et al. Effects of Different Mulching Measures on Distribution of Organic Carbon and Inorganic Carbon in Soil Aggregates Under Spring Maize Cultivation[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 357-365. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230526.002.

摘要

[目的] 研究不同覆盖方式对黄土高原土壤团聚体内部有机碳、无机碳分布的影响，为研究覆盖条件下土壤团聚体碳固持机制提供理论依据，推动旱地农田土壤的高效管理。[方法] 依据2012年起实施的长期定位试验，以种植“先玉335”春玉米的耕作土壤为研究对象，设置秸秆覆盖(SM)、地膜覆盖(FM)、无覆盖(CK)3个处理，通过湿筛法分析不同粒径团聚体中碳分布特征及其酶活性。[结果] ①与无覆盖相比，秸秆覆盖显著增加了各个粒径团聚体有机碳含量(p<0.05)，增加幅度为4.8%~18.2%；而地膜覆盖则显著降低了各粒径有机碳含量(p<0.05)，降低幅度为1.2%~7.1%。同一处理下，团聚体有机碳含量随着粒径的减小先上升后降低。各粒径中有机碳储量在秸秆覆盖下高于地膜覆盖和无覆盖处理。②地膜覆盖相较无覆盖显著增加了团聚体中的无机碳含量(p<0.05)，增加幅度为4.3%~5.9%；秸秆覆盖降低了无机碳含量，但差异不显著。同一处理下团聚体各粒径中无机碳含量随着粒径的减小先上升后降低。地膜覆盖显著降低了>2 mm团聚体粒径的无机碳储量，但显著提高了2~0.25 mm粒径的储量(p<0.05)。③秸秆覆盖显著增加了团聚体中的总碳含量，增加幅度为7.1%~12.4%；同时地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖都显著提高了2~0.25 mm粒径的总碳储量(p<0.05)。④秸秆覆盖提高了团聚体中与碳循环相关酶的活性，地膜覆盖则对其产生降低的影响。相关性分析表明有机碳、总碳含量与碳循环相关的酶活性呈显著正相关关系(p<0.05)。[结论] 秸秆覆盖和地膜覆盖显著影响碳库在团聚体中的变化，其中秸秆覆盖在提升土壤地力，增加土壤碳的固定方面优于地膜覆盖，具有较大优势。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of different mulching methods on the distribution of organic and inorganic carbon in soil aggregates on the Loess Plateau

and the mechanism under which soil aggregates sequester carbon under mulched conditions were determined in order to promote efficient management of dryland farm soil.[Methods] The study was conducted on a long-term positioning experiment beginning in 2012. Soil characteristics were studied from plots on which spring corn ("Xianyu 335") was grown under three treatments:straw mulching (SM)

film mulching (FM)

and no mulching (CK). Carbon distribution and enzyme activities in aggregates of different particle sizes were determined by the wet sieve method.[Results] ① Organic carbon contents of aggregates of each particle size were significantly greater for SM than for CK (p<0.05)

with the increases ranging from 4.8% to 18.2%. However

the organic carbon contents for each particle size were significantly decreased for FM (p<0.05) compared with CK

with the decreases ranging from 1.2% to 7.1%. For any given treatment

the organic carbon content of aggregates initially increased and then decreased with decreasing particle size. Organic carbon storage under SM was greater than under FM and CK. ② Inorganic carbon content in aggregates was significantly greater for FM than for CK (p<0.05)

with the increases ranging from 4.3% to 5.9%. SM reduced inorganic carbon content compared with CK

but the difference was not significant. For any given treatment

the inorganic carbon content in each particle size of aggregates initially increased and then decreased with decreasing particle size. FM significantly decreased the inorganic carbon reserves of aggregates >2 mm in size

but significantly increased the reserves of aggregates 2 mm to 0.25 mm in size (p<0.05). ③ SM significantly increased the total carbon content of aggregates by 7.1% to 12.4%. Both FM and SM significantly increased the total carbon storage of particles ranging from 2 mm to 0.25 mm (p<0.05). ④ SM increased the activity of carbon cycling-related enzymes in aggregates

while FM decreased the activity compared with CK. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between organic carbon and total carbon content and carbon cycling-related enzyme activities (p<0.05).[Conclusion] SM and FM significantly affected changes in the carbon pool of aggregates. SM was superior to FM in improving soil fertility and increasing soil carbon fixation.

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