生物炭添加对黄绵土水分补给和消退的影响

马凌云; 张风宝; 杨佳燕; 李元元; 杨明义

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230524.002

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生物炭添加对黄绵土水分补给和消退的影响

试验研究

- 生物炭添加对黄绵土水分补给和消退的影响
- Effects of Biochar Additions on Moisture Content and Depletion of Loessial Soil
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第3期页码：25-33
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 郑州大学农学院,河南,郑州,450001
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“黄绵土坡耕地生物炭添加对土壤侵蚀过程的影响机理”(42177338);陕西省林科院黄土高原生态修复创新团队(SXLK2020-03-02)资助
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230524.002
  中图分类号： S152.7;S157.9
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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马凌云, 张风宝, 杨佳燕, 等. 生物炭添加对黄绵土水分补给和消退的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):25-33.

Ma Lingyun, Zhang Fengbao, Yang Jiayan, et al. Effects of Biochar Additions on Moisture Content and Depletion of Loessial Soil[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 25-33.
马凌云, 张风宝, 杨佳燕, 等. 生物炭添加对黄绵土水分补给和消退的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):25-33. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230524.002.

Ma Lingyun, Zhang Fengbao, Yang Jiayan, et al. Effects of Biochar Additions on Moisture Content and Depletion of Loessial Soil[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 25-33. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230524.002.

摘要

[目的] 明确雨季生物炭添加对黄绵土储水、保水能力的影响，为科学利用生物炭改良黄土高原地区土壤以及确定合理的生物炭施用量提供基本理论支持。[方法] 采用多层一体式土壤水分温度测量系统(JDTS-01)对黄土高原地区土壤水分进行野外定点观测，并使用烘干法对监测数据进行校正，研究黄绵土0—40 cm土层水分动态变化与补给、消退情况。基于双变量相关分析探讨了不同生物炭添加量下土壤水分补给和消退变化的影响因素及其相对重要性。[结果] ①整体上生物炭添加能在一定程度上增加土壤水分含量，低生物炭添加量增加了深层土壤水分，而高生物炭添加量增加了表层土壤水分，2.5%左右的生物炭添加量可能是影响土壤水分入渗和蒸发的拐点。②添加生物炭后，0—20 cm土层水分补给量增大，20—40 cm土层水分补给量减小。降雨带来的水分补给能够很大程度上滞留在土壤耕层，添加生物炭量较大时土壤水分补给效果更好；0—20 cm土层中添加生物炭处理的水分消退更快，而不添加生物炭的土壤水分入渗土层更深。③生物炭添加可以促进黄绵土土壤水分补给，减弱土壤水分消退，有利于降雨后土壤储水。[结论] 生物炭添加能够改善黄土高原地区土壤水分入渗特性，减小土壤水分深层入渗量和增加耕层土壤储水量，在添加量大于4%时效果更显著。

Abstract

[Objective] The influence of biochar additions on water storage and water retention capacity of loessial soil during the rainy season was clarified in order to provide basic theoretical support for the scientific use of biochar and to improve soil on the Loess Plateau and determine the reasonable amount of biochar application.[Method] A multi-layer integrated soil moisture-temperature measurement system (JDTS-01) was used to make fixed point observations of soil moisture in a Loess Plateau field. The measured data were corrected by the field correction method. The dynamic change

recharge

and regression of water in the 0-40 cm soil layer were studied. Bivariate correlation analysis was conducted to determine the influencing factors and the relative importance of soil water recharge and regression under different levels of biochar addition.[Results] ① Low biochar content increased deep soil moisture

while high biochar content increased surface soil moisture. On the whole

biochar additions increased soil moisture content. A biochar content of 2.5% may be the inflection point affecting soil water infiltration and evaporation. ② After the addition of biochar

the water content in 0-20 cm soil layer increased

and the water content in 20-40 cm soil layer decreased. The water addition occurring due to rainfall could largely remain in the soil surface layer

and this effect on surface soil water content was greater when the biochar addition was larger. Water in the 0-20 cm soil layer with biochar dissipated faster

while the water in the soil without biochar penetrated deeper into the soil layer. ③ The addition of biochar can promote soil water recharge and weaken soil water regression

thereby increasing loessial soil water storage after rainfall.[Conclusion] Biochar additions can improve loessial soil water infiltration characteristics

reduce deep infiltration of soil water

and increase soil water storage in the topsoil on the Loess Plateau. These effects of biochar additions were more significant when the addition levels were greater than 4%.

关键词

Keywords

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