青藏高原东缘某隧道建设区典型植物水分利用策略

王鹏; 陈果; 裴向军; 唐晓鹿; 宋词

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230508.005

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青藏高原东缘某隧道建设区典型植物水分利用策略

试验研究

- 青藏高原东缘某隧道建设区典型植物水分利用策略
- Water Use Strategies of Typical Plants in a Tunnel Construction Area at Eastern Margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第4期页码：137-145
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 成都理工大学生态环境学院,四川,成都,610059
  2. 成都理工大学地球科学学院,四川,成都,610059
  3. 成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川,成都,610059
  4. 成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院,四川,成都,610059
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  成都理工大学珠峰科学计划项目“青藏高原重大工程全生命周期：工程挖填过程生态地质环境互馈原理与修复关键技术”(80000-2021ZF11410)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230508.005
  中图分类号： Q945
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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王鹏, 陈果, 裴向军, 等. 青藏高原东缘某隧道建设区典型植物水分利用策略[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(4):137-145.

Wang Peng, Chen Guo, Pei Xiangjun, et al. Water Use Strategies of Typical Plants in a Tunnel Construction Area at Eastern Margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(4): 137-145.
王鹏, 陈果, 裴向军, 等. 青藏高原东缘某隧道建设区典型植物水分利用策略[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(4):137-145. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230508.005.

Wang Peng, Chen Guo, Pei Xiangjun, et al. Water Use Strategies of Typical Plants in a Tunnel Construction Area at Eastern Margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(4): 137-145. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230508.005.

摘要

[目的

]

揭示青藏高原东缘隧道建设区植物的水分利用特征及其对环境变化的响应，为自然和人为影响下的生态脆弱区水土保持工作提供科学参考。[方法

]

通过测定海拔3 230 m的某隧道建设区2020—2021年不同月份典型植物木质部水和各潜在水源的δ

H和δ

O值，利用MixSIAR模型计算植物吸收各潜在水源的比例，并计算每两种植物间的相似性比例指数(PS指数)以比较不同物种的水分竞争关系。[结果

]

紫羊茅(Festuca rubra)、川西云杉(Picea likiangensis var. balfouriana)和刺叶高山栎(Quercus spinosa)以浅层土壤水(0—40 cm)作为主要水源；川杨(Populus szechuanica)主要吸收中深层(40—200 cm)土壤水；2021年8月和10月植物对浅层土壤水的利用比例较2020年同时期明显降低；川西云杉对0—40 cm和40—80 cm层土壤水的利用比例与相应层土壤含水量分别存在显著正相关和显著负相关关系(p＜0.05)；在时间尺度上，川杨在2020年10月与其他3种植物的水分竞争关系较弱，PS指数范围为0.19～0.54。[结论

]

土壤含水量及外界温度的改变是青藏高原东缘植被水分利用策略变化的主要因素，且这两个因子的重要性因物种而异；隧道建设会引起土壤和土壤水的流失，从而导致隧道建设后土壤含水量的降低；隧道建设后植物对浅层土壤水的依赖比隧道建设前低，因此需关注生态脆弱区隧道建设对土壤水分及植被适应机制的影响。

Abstract

[Objective] The water use characteristics of plants and their responses to environmental changes in a tunnel construction area at the eastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were studied in order to provide a reference for soil and water conservation in this ecologically fragile region influenced by both nature and human activity. [Methods] The δ2H and δ18O values of xylem water of typical plants and potential water sources in different months from 2020 to 2021 in a tunnel construction area with an altitude of 3 230 m were measured. The MixSIAR model was used to calculate the proportion of plants absorbing water from each potential water source. The proportional similarity index (PS index) between every two plants was calculated to compare the water competition relationship between different species. [Results] Shallow soil water (0—40 cm) was the main water source for Festuca rubra

Picea likiangensis var. balfouriana

and Quercus spinosa. Populus szechuanica mainly absorbed middle and deep (40—200 cm) soil water. The uptake proportions from shallow soil water by plants in August and October 2021 were significantly lower than during the same period in 2020. For P. likiangensis var. balfouriana

there were significant positive and negative correlations (p＜0.05) between soil water utilization ratio and soil water content in the 0—40 cm and 40—80 cm layers

respectively. The water competition relationships between P. szechuanica and the other three plants in October 2020 were weak

with the PS index ranging from 0.19 to 0.54. [Conclusion] Changes in soil moisture content and external temperature were the main factors influencing the variation of vegetation water use strategy at the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

and the importance of these two factors varied among different species. Loss of soil and soil water due to tunnel construction resulted in a decrease in soil water content after tunnel construction. The contribution of shallow soil water to plants was lower after tunnel construction than before tunnel construction. Therefore

the impact of tunnel construction on soil water and vegetation adaptation mechanisms in ecologically fragile areas needs to be of concern.

关键词

Keywords

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