亚热带3种森林对土壤碳氮储量及酶活性的影响

高伟; 陈爱平; 黄雍容; 黄茂根; 吴兴盛; 巫智斌; 黄石德

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230220.008

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亚热带3种森林对土壤碳氮储量及酶活性的影响

试验研究

- 亚热带3种森林对土壤碳氮储量及酶活性的影响
- Effects of Three Forest Types on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Storage and Enzyme Activity in Subtropical China
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第1期页码：314-322
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 福建林业职业技术学院森林生态与碳汇计量研究所,福建,南平,353011
  2. 福建省林业科学研究院,福建,福州,350012
  3. 官庄国有林场,福建,三明,365504
  4. 福建省罗卜岩自然保护区,福建,三明,365504
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  福建省科技计划项目“不同林分类型对土壤供氮能力的影响研究”(2019R1009-6);福建省南平市自然科学资助项目“闽江(延平段)沿岸马尾松低质低效林改造效益研究”(N2021J014);福建林业职业技术学院博士科研启动基金。
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230220.008
  中图分类号： S718.5
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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高伟, 陈爱平, 黄雍容, 等. 亚热带3种森林对土壤碳氮储量及酶活性的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(1):314-322.

Gao Wei, Chen Aiping, Huang Yongrong, et al. Effects of Three Forest Types on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Storage and Enzyme Activity in Subtropical China[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(1): 314-322.
高伟, 陈爱平, 黄雍容, 等. 亚热带3种森林对土壤碳氮储量及酶活性的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(1):314-322. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230220.008.

Gao Wei, Chen Aiping, Huang Yongrong, et al. Effects of Three Forest Types on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Storage and Enzyme Activity in Subtropical China[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(1): 314-322. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20230220.008.

摘要

[目的] 探明森林类型对土壤碳氮含量和酶活性的影响，为亚热带针叶林改造过程中的树种选择和营林方式选择提供科学依据。[方法] 研究相同海拔高度和相近环境条件下的亚热带常绿阔叶林(米槠林)、常绿—落叶阔叶混交林(闽桦—闽楠林)和针叶林(马尾松林)3种森林类型对土壤碳氮储量和酶活性的影响。[结果] ①马尾松林的土壤总有机碳含量显著高于其他两种林分类型，土壤全氮含量与闽桦—闽楠林无显著差异，但二者均显著高于米槠林，马尾松林和闽桦—闽楠林的土壤氮储量和碳储量显著高于米槠林；马尾松林和闽桦—闽楠林的土壤可溶性有机碳含量显著高于米槠林。马尾松林的土壤可溶性有机氮含量显著小于米槠林和闽桦—闽楠林，米槠林和马尾松林的土壤微生物量碳氮含量均显著高于闽桦—闽楠林，3种林分的土壤铵态氮含量无显著差异，而闽桦—闽楠林的土壤硝态氮含量显著高于其他两种林分； ②米槠林的土壤脲酶活性显著高于闽桦—闽楠林。3种林分的土壤蔗糖酶活性差异显著，表现为：马尾松林＞米槠林＞闽桦—闽楠林，马尾松林和米槠林的土壤过氧化氢酶活性均显著高于闽桦—闽楠林。3种林分的土壤磷酸酶活性无显著差异，马尾松林的土壤β-葡糖糖苷酶活性显著大于米槠林和闽桦—闽楠林；RDA分析表明，影响3种林分土壤酶活性变化的因子主要为土壤全碳(解释率为59.5%)、全氮(解释率为11.0%)和硝态氮(解释率为14.6%)。[结论] 与米槠林相比，马尾松林和闽桦—闽楠林具有较高的土壤碳氮储量，土壤有机质的增加有利于提高土壤酶活性。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of forest types on soil carbon and nitrogen contents and enzyme activity were analyzed in order to provide a scientific basis for the selection of tree species and forest management methods in the transformation of subtropical coniferous forests. [Methods] The study evaluated data from a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest (Castanopsis carlesii forest)

an evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest (Betula fujianensis and Phoebe bournei mixed forest)

and a coniferous forest (Pinus massoniana forest) at the same altitude and similar environmental conditions. [Results] ① The total soil organic carbon content in the P. massoniana forest was significantly greater than in the other two forest types

and the total soil nitrogen content was not significantly different from that in the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest. However

both carbon and nitrogen contents were significantly greater than in the C. carlesii forest. The soil nitrogen and carbon reserves of the P. massoniana forest and the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest were significantly greater than the nitrogen and carbon reserves of the C. carlesii forest. The soil soluble organic carbon contents in the P. massoniana forest and the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest were significantly greater than in the C. carlesii forest. The soil soluble organic nitrogen content in the P. massoniana forest was significantly less than in the C. carlesii forest and the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest. The soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents in the C. carlesii forest and the P. massoniana forest were significantly greater than in the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest. There were no significant differences in the soil ammonium nitrogen contents among the three forest stands. However

the soil nitrate nitrogen content in the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest was significantly greater than in the other two forest types. ② The soil urease activity in the C. carlesii forest was significantly greater than in the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest. There were significant differences in soil invertase activities among the three stands

and the differences in activity followed the order of P. massoniana forest ＞ C. carlesii forest ＞ B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest. The soil catalase activities in the P. massoniana forest and the C. carlesii forest were significantly greater than in the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest. There was no significant difference in soil phosphatase activity among the three forest stands. Soil β-glucosidase activity in the P. massoniana forest was significantly greater than in the C. carlesii forest and the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest. RDA analysis showed that the main factors affecting the change of soil enzyme activity in the three forests were total soil carbon (explanation rate of 59.5%)

total nitrogen (explanation rate of 11.0%)

and nitrate nitrogen (explanation rate of 14.6%). [Conclusion] The P. massoniana forest and the B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest had greater soil carbon and nitrogen storage values than observed for the C. carlesii forest under the same disturbance background. The increased soil organic matter was conducive to increase soil enzyme activity.

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