腾格里沙漠东北缘飞播植物群落土壤水分特征

唐国栋; 葛楠; 张铁军; 郭建英; 刘艳萍

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.002

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腾格里沙漠东北缘飞播植物群落土壤水分特征

试验研究

- 腾格里沙漠东北缘飞播植物群落土壤水分特征
- Soil Water Characteristics of Different Aerial-seeded Plant Communities at Northeastern Edge of Tengger Desert
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第6期页码：10-17
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文国家野外科学观测研究站,北京,100038
  2. 水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010020
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“黄河流域腾格里沙漠飞播造林区水资源高效利用新业态技术研究”（2022YFHH0096）;中国水科院基本科研业务费项目（MK2021J12）;阿拉善左旗2020年飞播造林科技支撑项目（MK0199B012021）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.002
  中图分类号： S715.3
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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唐国栋, 葛楠, 张铁军, 等. 腾格里沙漠东北缘飞播植物群落土壤水分特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(6):10-17.

Tang Guodong, Ge Nan, Zhang Tiejun, et al. Soil Water Characteristics of Different Aerial-seeded Plant Communities at Northeastern Edge of Tengger Desert[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(6): 10-17.
唐国栋, 葛楠, 张铁军, 等. 腾格里沙漠东北缘飞播植物群落土壤水分特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(6):10-17. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.002.

Tang Guodong, Ge Nan, Zhang Tiejun, et al. Soil Water Characteristics of Different Aerial-seeded Plant Communities at Northeastern Edge of Tengger Desert[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(6): 10-17. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.002.

摘要

[目的] 研究腾格里沙漠东北缘1992年飞播造林区主要植物群落土壤水分特征，为区域人工固沙植被合理建设与管理提供理论依据。[方法] 采用环刀法测定研究区4种不同植物群落不同坡位200 cm深度土壤含水量，分析其土壤水分分布、变异性及土壤贮水亏缺度。[结果] ①不同植物群落土壤平均含水量呈现：花棒群落（0.57%）>沙拐枣群落（0.55%）>花棒+沙拐枣群落（0.51%）>沙拐枣+花棒群落（0.51%），花棒群落土壤含水量与花棒+沙拐枣群落和沙拐枣+花棒群落之间具有显著差异（p<0.05），不同坡位平均土壤含水量均呈现出：坡底>坡中>坡顶的趋势。花棒和沙拐枣组合的植被群落土壤水分垂直变异性以及随坡位的变异性小于花棒群落和沙拐枣群落。②不同植物群落200 cm深度土壤总贮水量变化范围为15.45～17.79 mm，土壤贮水量随土层深度变化趋势与土壤含水量一致。③不同植物群落土壤贮水亏缺度呈现：花棒+沙拐枣群落（97.74%）>沙拐枣+花棒群落（97.62%）>花棒群落（97.48%）>沙拐枣群落（97.44%）。[结论] 研究区土壤含水量偏低，不足1%，丘间低地大于坡中和坡顶，垂向随土层深度增大，花棒和沙拐枣组合的植物群落土壤含水量垂直变异性更低。因此，花棒和沙拐枣组合的植物群落能够更大程度利用不同土层土壤水分，整体水分吸收和利用效率更高，对干旱环境的适应性更强。

Abstract

[Objective] Soil water characteristics of different plant communities at different slope positions on aerial-seeded afforestation areas in 1992 were studied at the northeastern edge of the Tengger Desert in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational construction and management of an artificial sand fixation vegetation system in the arid desert areas of Northwest China. [Methods] Soil water contents at the depth of 200 cm for different plant communities at different slope positions were measured using the ring knife method. The water distribution

variability and water storage deficit of soilwere analyzed. [Results] ① The average soil water contents of different plant communities followed the order of Hedysarum scoparium community (0.57%) >Calligonum mongolicum community (0.54%) > H. scoparium+C. mongolicum community (0.51%) > C. mongolicum+H. scoparium community (0.51%). There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the H. scoparium and the H. scoparium+C. mongolicum communities

as well as the C. mongolicum+H. scoparium community. The average soil water contents at different slope positions followed the order of bottom slope > middle slope > top slope. The vertical variability of soil water in the two combined communities of H. scoparium and C. mongolicum

and its variability with slope position were significantly smaller than the vertical variability of soil water in the H. scoparium and C. mongolicum communities. ② The variation range of total soil water storage in different plant communities was between 15.45 mm and 17.79 mm

and the trend of soil water storage with soil depth was consistent with soil water content. ③ Soil water storage deficits for the different plant communities followed the order of H. scoparium+C. mongolicum community (97.74%) > C. mongolicum+H. scoparium community (97.62%) > H. scoparium community (97.48%) > C. mongolicum community (97.44%). [Conclusion] Soil water content was relatively low (less than 1%). Soil water content at the bottom of the sand dune was greater than at the middle slope and top slope positions

and soil water content increased with soil depth. The vertical variability of soil water content in the H. scoparium and C. mongolicum combined communities was lower than the soil water content of the single species communities. Therefore

a plant community comprised of a combination of H. scoparium and C. mongolicum can utilize soil water to a greater extent

has greater water absorption

and uses soil water more efficiently. These combination plant communities are better adapted to arid environments.

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