沙漠化逆转过程中毛乌素沙地土壤风蚀可蚀性影响因子的变化特征

冯佳新; 王海兵; 刘茜雅; 刘红梅

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.001

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沙漠化逆转过程中毛乌素沙地土壤风蚀可蚀性影响因子的变化特征

试验研究

- 沙漠化逆转过程中毛乌素沙地土壤风蚀可蚀性影响因子的变化特征
- Characteristics of Changes in Factors Influencing Wind Erosion and Erodibility of Soils in Mu Us Sandland During Desertification Reversal
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第6期页码：1-9
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010018
  2. 内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010018
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  内蒙古自治区科技重大专项“沙地生态系统近自然修复技术研究及产业化示范”（2019ZD007）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.001
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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冯佳新, 王海兵, 刘茜雅, 等. 沙漠化逆转过程中毛乌素沙地土壤风蚀可蚀性影响因子的变化特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(6):1-9.

Feng Jiaxin, Wang Haibing, Liu Xiya, et al. Characteristics of Changes in Factors Influencing Wind Erosion and Erodibility of Soils in Mu Us Sandland During Desertification Reversal[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(6): 1-9.
冯佳新, 王海兵, 刘茜雅, 等. 沙漠化逆转过程中毛乌素沙地土壤风蚀可蚀性影响因子的变化特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(6):1-9. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.001.

Feng Jiaxin, Wang Haibing, Liu Xiya, et al. Characteristics of Changes in Factors Influencing Wind Erosion and Erodibility of Soils in Mu Us Sandland During Desertification Reversal[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(6): 1-9. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.06.001.

摘要

[目的

]

揭示毛乌素沙地沙漠化逆转过程对土壤风蚀可蚀性的影响，为该区风蚀防治和生态重建提供科学参考。[方法

]

选取1986—2021年共8期遥感影像，以ENVI 5.3和ArcGIS 10.7为平台对毛乌素沙地不同时期土地沙漠化进行反演，同时构建研究区2021年沙漠化差值指数（DDI），并按照自然断裂法将毛乌素沙地土地分为非、轻度、中度、重度和极重度5种沙漠化类型代表沙漠化逆转的不同阶段。根据反演结果，应用空间代替时间的方法，对不同沙漠化类型土壤进行样品采集，并对土壤机械组成、土壤有机质含量、土壤结皮、植被因子等土壤风蚀可蚀性影响因子进行测试分析。[结果

]

毛乌素沙地1986—2021年沙漠化整体呈逆转趋势，沙漠化土地面积由1986年的47 877.81 km

缩减至2021年的45 914.06 km

，以56.11 km

/a的速率逆转。该区土地沙漠化可分为3个时期：1986—2001年为沙漠化发展期，土壤黏粒、粉粒百分含量、有机质含量呈降低趋势，土壤砂粒百分含量、结皮因子和植被因子值呈增加趋势；2001—2011年为沙漠化显著逆转期；2011—2021年为沙漠化稳定逆转期，逆转期内，土壤黏粒、粉粒百分含量和有机质含量呈增加趋势，土壤砂粒百分含量、结皮因子和植被因子值呈降低趋势，且逆转程度越大，各因子变化速率也越快；随着沙漠化程度减弱，土壤黏粒、粉粒百分含量、有机质含量呈线性增加趋势，递增率分别为1.55%，7.08%和1.98%，土壤砂粒百分含量、结皮因子和植被因子值呈线性下降趋势，递减率分别为8.62%，0.13%和0.23%。[结论

]

毛乌素沙地沙漠化逆转过程使土壤结构变细，结皮发育，植被增加，土壤抗蚀性增强，对土壤风蚀起到显著抑制作用。

Abstract

[Objective] The influences of the desertification reversal process on soil wind erosion in the Mu Us sandland were studied in order to provide a scientific reference for the prevention and control of wind erosion and for ecological reconstruction in this area. [Methods] A total of eight remote sensing images were selected from 1986 to 2021

and ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS 10.7 were used as the platform to invert the desertification of land in different periods in the Mu Us sandland. A desertification difference index (DDI) was constructed for the study area in 2021

and land in the Mu Us sandland was classified as non-

light

moderate

severe

and very severe desertification according to the natural fracture method. According to the inversion results

we applied the method of space instead of time to collect soil samples of different desertification types. We tested the soil samples and analyzed them for soil wind erosion erodibility influencing factors

such as soil mechanical composition

soil organic matter content

soil crust factor

and vegetation factors. [Results] The overall desertification of the Mu Us sandland tended to decline from 1986 to 2021

and the desertified land area shrank from 47 877.81 km2 in 1986 to 45 914.06 km2 in 2021 (a reversal rate of 56.11 km2/a). Desertification could be divided into three periods:1986-2001 was the desertification development period that exhibited decreasing trends for soil clay

silt

and organic matter content

and increasing trends for soil sand content

soil crust factor

and vegetation factors; 2001-2011 was the period of significant desertification reversal; and 2011-2021 was the desertification stabilization period. During the reversal period

the percentage content of soil clay

silt

and organic matter showed an increasing trend

and the soil sand grain percentage content

soil crust factor

and vegetation factors showed a decreasing trend. The greater the degree of reversal

the faster the rate of change of the factors. As desertification degree weakened

the percentage content of soil clay

silt

and organic matter showed a linear increasing trend

with increasing rates of 1.55%

7.08% and 1.98%

respectively. The values of soil sand grain percentage

crust factor

and vegetation factors showed a linear decreasing trend

with decreasing rates of 8.62%

0.13% and 0.23%

respectively. [Conclusion] The reversal process of desertification in the Mu Us sandland caused soil structure to become finer

crusts to develop

vegetation to increase

and soil erosion resistance to increase

thereby significantly inhibiting wind erosion of soil.

关键词

Keywords

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