荒漠地区土地开垦对土壤团聚体稳定性及碳固定的影响

陈雪; 刘佳庆; 李敏; 孙杰; 何学敏

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.045

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荒漠地区土地开垦对土壤团聚体稳定性及碳固定的影响

试验研究

- 荒漠地区土地开垦对土壤团聚体稳定性及碳固定的影响
- Effects of Desert Land Cultivation on Soil Aggregate Stability and Carbon Fixation
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第3期页码：398-405
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 新疆大学生态与环境学院,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830046
  2. 绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830046
  3. 新疆精河温带荒漠生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 新疆精河,833300
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目“艾比湖地区不同土地利用类型土壤结构和水力特性研究”(2020D01C072)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.045
  中图分类号： S152;S153
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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陈雪, 刘佳庆, 李敏, 等. 荒漠地区土地开垦对土壤团聚体稳定性及碳固定的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):398-405.

Chen Xue, Liu Jiaqing, Li Min, et al. Effects of Desert Land Cultivation on Soil Aggregate Stability and Carbon Fixation[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 398-405.
陈雪, 刘佳庆, 李敏, 等. 荒漠地区土地开垦对土壤团聚体稳定性及碳固定的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):398-405. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.045.

Chen Xue, Liu Jiaqing, Li Min, et al. Effects of Desert Land Cultivation on Soil Aggregate Stability and Carbon Fixation[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 398-405. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.045.

摘要

[目的] 研究土地开垦前后土地利用方式对该地区土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳的响应机制，为艾比湖湿地保护区的荒地开垦和植被恢复及农业生产提供科学理论依据。[方法] 选取新疆艾比湖流域未开垦的天然林地(CK)和开垦后人工种植的枸杞地、葡萄地、棉花地、苜蓿地共5种不同土地利用类型下，探究荒漠生态系统土地开垦后的土壤结构和有机碳含量的变化规律。[结果] 荒漠地区土地开垦对土壤团聚体稳定性及碳固定有显著的影响。土地开垦后，人工种植地块大团聚体(＞0.25 mm)含量和团聚体稳定性均显著高于CK，其中棉花地力稳性大团聚体含量最高(＞87%)；枸杞地水稳性大团聚体含量最高(＞79.7%)，不同人工耕作模式均增加了大团聚体含量。0—30 cm土层人工种植地块不同团聚体粒级有机碳含量分别为5.91~15.46，5.50~10.70，8.12~16.11，6.90~13.67 g/kg，均显著高于CK(3.91~8.73 g/kg)，主要分布在0.25~0.5 mm粒级，各人工土地利用方式下土壤团聚体有机碳含量均显著增加，且枸杞地有机碳含量增加最显著。[结论] 该区域土地开垦后种植枸杞的耕作模式更有利于增强土壤团聚体稳定，提高有机碳的固定；土地开垦可显著提高土壤的固碳能力，改善土壤结构。

Abstract

[Objective] The response of soil aggregate stability and organic carbon before and after land reclamation using different land use types were analyzed in order to provide a scientific theoretical basis for wasteland reclamation

vegetation restoration

and agricultural production in the Ebinur Lake Wetland Reserve.[Methods] Five different land use types in the Ebinur Lake basin of Xinjiang were evaluated in this study:uncultivated natural forest land (CK)

cultivated artificially planted lycium land

vitis land

cotton land

and alfalfa land. These land use types were selected to determine the response of soil structure and organic carbon content after land cultivation in a desert ecosystem.[Results] Land cultivation had significant effects on soil aggregate stability and carbon fixation in a desert area. After land cultivation

the content of macro aggregates (>0.25 mm) and the stability of aggregates of cultivated lands were significantly greater than those of CK. Cotton land had the highest content of force-stabilized macro aggregates (>87%). Lycium land had the highest content of water-stabilized macro aggregates (>79.7%). Different artificial tillage practices increased the content of macro aggregates. The particle size organic carbon contents in the aggregates of cultivated lands in the 0-30 cm soil layer were 5.91-15.46

5.50-10.70

8.12-16.11

and 6.90-13.67 g/kg

respectively. These values were significantly greater than the contents observed for CK (3.91-8.73 g/kg)

mainly distributed in the 0.25-0.5 mm particle size. The organic carbon contents of soil aggregates increased significantly under all artificial land use practices

and the lycium land organic carbon content increased most significantly.[Conclusion] The cultivation practice of planting lycium barbarum after land cultivation was more conducive to increasing soil aggregate stability and improving organic carbon fixation than the other cultivation practices. Land cultivation can significantly increase soil carbon sequestration capacity and improve soil structure.

关键词

Keywords

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