负水头供水源位置对番茄生长和水分利用率的影响

张芳; 高子乐; 冯跃华; 孙晋锴; 姜楠; 冯峰; 薛绪掌

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.011

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负水头供水源位置对番茄生长和水分利用率的影响

试验研究

- 负水头供水源位置对番茄生长和水分利用率的影响
- Effects of Water Supply Location in Anegative Pressure Irrigation System on Tomato Growth and Water Use Efficiency
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第3期页码：80-85
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 黄河水利职业技术学院水利工程学院,河南,开封,475004
  2. 河南省豫东水利工程管理局,河南,开封,475002
  3. 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京,100097
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  河南省自然科学基金资助项目“负水头调控下灌水器出水通量曲线动态响应机制”(222300420237);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划“负水头灌溉下土壤水分空间分布及其对番茄耗水规律的影响研究”(20B416002);开封市黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展创新专项计划项目(2019013);河南省科技攻关项目(GG202258)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.011
  中图分类号： S275;S152.7
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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张芳, 高子乐, 冯跃华, 等. 负水头供水源位置对番茄生长和水分利用率的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):80-85.

Zhang Fang, Gao Zile, Feng Yuehua, et al. Effects of Water Supply Location in Anegative Pressure Irrigation System on Tomato Growth and Water Use Efficiency[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 80-85.
张芳, 高子乐, 冯跃华, 等. 负水头供水源位置对番茄生长和水分利用率的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(3):80-85. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.011.

Zhang Fang, Gao Zile, Feng Yuehua, et al. Effects of Water Supply Location in Anegative Pressure Irrigation System on Tomato Growth and Water Use Efficiency[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(3): 80-85. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.03.011.

摘要

[目的] 研究负水头灌溉对番茄生长、灌水方式和水分利用率等的具体影响，旨在为完善负水头灌溉技术体系和提高水资源高效利用等提供科学依据。[方法] 采用单盆单株的盆栽试验方法，利用负水头灌溉技术，研究了供水源位置对番茄长势、灌水量、产量和水分利用率的影响。[结果] 负水头供水源位置对于番茄的生长和水分利用率有显著影响。与双盘埋设于根系两侧并交替供水相比，单盘竖向埋设于根系一侧供水和供水盘水平埋放于根系底部供水的单株产量分别增产14.3%和0.5%；根系两侧并交替供水的番茄植株生长趋势和地上部植株干物质量相对较小，但与其他两种供水位置相比其根冠比均提高33.3%；另外，根系两侧并交替供水的单株番茄总灌水量可降低24.7%和17.4%，较其他两种供水源位置的单侏水分利用率分别提高43.8%和14.8%；根系趋向供水源处生长。[结论] 不同的负水头灌溉水源埋设位置显著影响番茄生长的参数是不同的，就设计的试验组次而言，在有效利用水资源，促进番茄植株生长和提高番茄产量等方面，双盘埋设于根系两侧并交替供水的方式最优，能有效降低灌水量，提高水分利用率，是最优处理，可以在实践中予以推广。

Abstract

[Objective] The specific effects of negative head irrigation system on tomato growth

irrigation method

and water utilization efficiency were studied in order to provide scientific references for improving the technical system of negative head irrigation and for improving the efficient utilization of water resources.[Methods] A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of water supply location on tomato growth

water requirement

yield

and water use efficiency by using negative pressure irrigation technology.[Results] The location of the negative pressure water supply location had a significant effect on the growth and water use efficiency of tomato. The yields of plants irrigated with a single water-supplying disc buried vertically on one side of the root system and with a single water-supplying disc buried horizontally at the bottom of the root system were 14.3% and 0.5%

respectively

lower than the yield per plant irrigated with a water-supplying disc buried on each side of the root system and alternately supplying water. The growth and dry weight trends of above ground parts of tomato plants with alternate water supply on both sides of the root system were relatively small

but the root-shoot ratio was 33.3% greater than observed with the other two water supply locations. Moreover

the total water requirement of per plant for tomato plants irrigated with the alternate water supply on both sides of the root system was 24.7% and 17.4%

respectively

lower than with the other two water supply locations

and water use efficiency of single plant was 43.8% and 14.8% greater

respectively. Roots tended to grow more at the water supply source.[Conclusion] Different negative water head buried irrigation water source locations significantly affected tomato growth parameters. In terms of effective utilization of water resources

promotion of tomato plant growth

and increase of tomato yield

the optimal treatment was the system of disks buried on both sides of the root system and supplying water alternately. This system can effectively reduce irrigation water amount and improve water utilization rate

and should be promoted as an effective production practice.

关键词

Keywords

references

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