生态扶贫背景下退耕还林生态产品的经济效益——以核桃和茶树林为例

陈天傲; 李想

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.046

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生态扶贫背景下退耕还林生态产品的经济效益——以核桃和茶树林为例

试验研究

- 生态扶贫背景下退耕还林生态产品的经济效益——以核桃和茶树林为例
- Economic Benefits of Ecological Products of Grain for Green Project Under Background of Ecological Poverty Alleviation—Taking Walnut and Tea forests as an Example
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第2期页码：409-415
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 英国卡迪夫大学地理与规划学院, WT,威尔士,卡迪夫,CF103
  2. 国家林业和草原局发展研究中心,北京,100714
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  世界银行项目“中国森林可持续管理与融资分析”(P161175)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.046
  中图分类号： S728.4
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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陈天傲, 李想. 生态扶贫背景下退耕还林生态产品的经济效益——以核桃和茶树林为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(2):409-415.

Chen Tianao, Li Xiang. Economic Benefits of Ecological Products of Grain for Green Project Under Background of Ecological Poverty Alleviation—Taking Walnut and Tea forests as an Example[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(2): 409-415.
陈天傲, 李想. 生态扶贫背景下退耕还林生态产品的经济效益——以核桃和茶树林为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(2):409-415. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.046.

Chen Tianao, Li Xiang. Economic Benefits of Ecological Products of Grain for Green Project Under Background of Ecological Poverty Alleviation—Taking Walnut and Tea forests as an Example[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(2): 409-415. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.046.

摘要

[目的

]

将生态效益纳入成本效益分析，从生态和经济的角度研究退耕还林生态产品价值，为相关地区生态扶贫工作的顺利开展提供决策依据。 [方法

]

分别以安徽省和四川省的退耕还茶树林和核桃林为研究对象，将水土保持作为退耕还林的主要生态产品，利用通用土壤流失方程计算其实物量和价值量，并将价值量作为收益的一部分纳入经济分析。 [结果

]

①与裸地相比，研究区茶树林和核桃林均可有效减少土壤侵蚀，20 a累计减少侵蚀量分别为3.06×10

t和2.12×10

t。 ②茶树林和核桃林的单位面积水土保持价值分别为681.0和1 285.5元/(hm

·a)。将该价值纳入经济分析后，平均净收益分别为61.3和129.3万元/a，单位面积年均净收益分别为18.43和9.75万元/hm

。 ③退耕还林补助标准对净收益影响较小。标准提高1倍后，预期净收益分别下降2.1%和4.6%。林产品价格减半后，预期净收益分别下降68.1%和77.1%。 ④茶树林和核桃林的生态效益分别占成本的4.4%和6.8%，最高比例达11.9%。 [结论

]

经济林的生态效益可以抵消部分成本，应纳入经济分析净收益计算，实现生态产品价值。

Abstract

[Objective] The value of ecological products from the perspectives of ecology and economy was studied with incorporate ecological benefits into cost-benefit analysis

in order to provide decision-making basis for ecological poverty alleviation work in relevant regions. [Methods] We used data from farmland returned to tea and walnut forests in Anhui and Sichuan Province

respectively. We used soil and water conservation (SWC) as the major product of GTGP. The universal soil loss equation was employed to quantify the amounts and values of SWC

and then these SWS values were incorporated as a part of the income in the economic analysis that we conducted. [Results] ① Compared with bare land

tea and walnut forests effectively reduced soil erosion

and the cumulative erosion reduction in 20 years was 30 600 t and 212 000 t

respectively; ② The soil and water conservation values per unit area of tea and walnut were 681.0 and 1 285.5 yuan/(ha·yr)

respectively. After incorporating these values into the economic analysis

the average net income was 61.3 and 1.293 million yuan/yr

respectively. The average annual net income per unit area of tea and walnut was 184

300 and 97

500 yuan/ha respectively; ③ The GTGP subsidy standard had little impact on net income. After the subsidy standard for returning farmland to forest was doubled

the simulated net income value (NPV) only dropped by 2.1% and 4.6%

respectively

while simulated NPV dropped 68.1% and 77.1%

respectively

if tea and walnut prices decreased by 50%; ④ The ecological benefits of tea forest and walnut forest accounted for 4.4% and 6.8%

respectively

of the cost

with the highest proportion reaching 11.9%. [Conclusion] The ecological benefits of economic forests can offset part of the costs

and should be included in the calculation of net income value so that the value of ecological products can be accounted for.

关键词

Keywords

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