基于空间信息技术的县域生态环境监测与评价

何玲; 杜哲

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.016

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基于空间信息技术的县域生态环境监测与评价

试验研究

- 基于空间信息技术的县域生态环境监测与评价
- County Scale Ecological Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation Based on Spatial Information Technology
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第2期页码：129-138
- 作者机构：
  
  河北农业大学国土资源学院,河北,保定,071000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  河北省省级科技计划资助项目“‘双碳’目标下空间信息技术驱动的生态环境监测及精准保护对策研究”(22554202D)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.016
  中图分类号： X821;X835
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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何玲, 杜哲. 基于空间信息技术的县域生态环境监测与评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(2):129-138.

He Ling, Du Zhe. County Scale Ecological Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation Based on Spatial Information Technology[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(2): 129-138.
何玲, 杜哲. 基于空间信息技术的县域生态环境监测与评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(2):129-138. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.016.

He Ling, Du Zhe. County Scale Ecological Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation Based on Spatial Information Technology[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(2): 129-138. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.016.

摘要

[目的] 探究生态环境监测数据精准获取方法，构建生态环境质量评价指标体系，为生态环境精准保护提供科学依据。 [方法] 基于多源遥感影像数据，利用InVEST模型、裸土植被指数模型、综合指数法等多种模型与方法，从生态系统质量、生态系统服务、生境压力和环境质量4项一级指标及植被覆盖度、固碳能力、道路压力指数、霾指数等14项二级指标分析河北省阜平县生态环境质量。[结果] ①生态系统质量一般和较差区分布最广，集中在东部水库区和西部中山、低山区。 ②生态系统服务较差区面积最大，主要分布在县中部和东部。 ③生境压力较差区比例最高，以未利用地为主。 ④环境质量为良的区域在全域均有大面积分布。 ⑤阜平县生态环境质量整体较好，一般区广泛分布，占总面积的77.04%，主要为耕地、草地和未利用地。 [结论] 基于空间信息技术与多源遥感数据的生态环境监测与评价方法可以快速、有效地反映县域生态环境质量。

Abstract

[Objective] An accurate acquisition method for ecological environmental monitoring data was studied to construct an evaluation index system of ecological environmental quality in order to provide a basis for precise protection of the ecological environment. [Methods] We used a variety of models and methods (such as the InVEST model

a bare soil vegetation index model

and a comprehensive index method) based on multi-source remote sensing image data. An eco-environmental quality index system was constructed that included four first-level indicators (ecosystem quality

ecosystem services

habitat pressure

and environmental quality) and 14 second-level indicators (such as vegetation cover

carbon sequestration capacity

road pressure index

and haze index) to analyze the ecological environmental quality of Fuping County

Hebei Province. [Results] ① The general and poor ecosystem quality areas were the most widely distributed

and were concentrated in the reservoir area in the east and in the middle and low mountain areas in the west. ② The areas with poor ecosystem services were the largest

and were concentrated in the central and eastern parts of the county. ③ The proportion of areas with poor habitat pressure was the highest

and the area was mainly unused land. ④ The area with good environmental quality was widely distributed over the entire region. ⑤ The eco-environmental quality in Fuping County was generally good

and the general quality area was widely distributed

accounting for 77.04% of the total area

comprised mainly of cultivated land

grassland

and unused land. [Conclusion] The ecological environmental monitoring and evaluation method based on spatial information technology and multi-source remote sensing data can quickly and effectively reflect the county eco-environmental quality.

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