晋西黄土区长期植被恢复对土壤表层入渗与水分储量差异的影响

刘茜茹; 冯天骄; 王平; 张羽飞; 熊瑛楠; 高琦; 白杨

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.007

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晋西黄土区长期植被恢复对土壤表层入渗与水分储量差异的影响

试验研究

- 晋西黄土区长期植被恢复对土壤表层入渗与水分储量差异的影响
- Effect of Long-term Vegetation Restoration on Surface Soil Water Infiltration and and Water Storage in Loess Area of Western Province
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第2期页码：50-59
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  2. 山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 山西吉县,042200
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  中央高校基本科研业务费“黄土高原长期人工林恢复对生态系统土壤持水功能的影响”(BLX202005);国家自然科学基金项目(41901021, 52179056)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.007
  中图分类号： S152;F301.2
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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刘茜茹, 冯天骄, 王平, 等. 晋西黄土区长期植被恢复对土壤表层入渗与水分储量差异的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(2):50-59.

Liu Xiru, Feng Tianjiao, Wang Ping, et al. Effect of Long-term Vegetation Restoration on Surface Soil Water Infiltration and and Water Storage in Loess Area of Western Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(2): 50-59.
刘茜茹, 冯天骄, 王平, 等. 晋西黄土区长期植被恢复对土壤表层入渗与水分储量差异的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(2):50-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.007.

Liu Xiru, Feng Tianjiao, Wang Ping, et al. Effect of Long-term Vegetation Restoration on Surface Soil Water Infiltration and and Water Storage in Loess Area of Western Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(2): 50-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.02.007.

摘要

[目的

]

探究晋西黄土高原残塬沟壑区长期不同植被恢复类型对土壤表层入渗与水分储量差异的影响，为未来筛选和增强黄土高原地区天然植被恢复以及人工植被恢复的生态效益评估提供科学参考。 [方法

]

以黄土残塬沟壑区典型的4种植被恢复类型(油松纯林、刺槐纯林、侧柏纯林、天然林)为研究对象，测定4种植被恢复类型下表层30 cm内土壤入渗过程，同时测定土壤容重、机械组成等土壤理化性质，并且监测土壤水分动态变化，核算土壤水分储量并进行差异性、相关性和主成分分析，最后通过3种土壤入渗模型对实测过程进行拟合比较得出其在黄土残塬沟壑地植被恢复区域内的适宜性，对比不同植被恢复类型之间土壤入渗过程及储水量的差异，补充并完善黄土高原地区不同植被恢复类型下的表层土壤水分入渗规律。 [结果

]

①天然林相较于人工纯林对0—30 cm表层土壤物理性质改善效果更为明显，天然林表层土壤的水分含量较多且保水性较好，人工林相较于天然林对研究区土壤入渗能力改善效果更佳； ②在不同植被类型下土壤的稳定入渗速率从大到小表现为：天然林＞刺槐纯林＞油松纯林＞侧柏纯林(0—10 cm)，油松纯林＞刺槐纯林＞侧柏纯林＞天然林(10—20 cm)，油松纯林＞刺槐纯林＞侧柏纯林＞天然林(20—30 cm)； ③Horton模型对研究区土体入渗拟合效果相较于Kostiakov模型和Philip模型表现更优(R

=0.94)更适用于描述研究区的土壤入渗规律； ④影响土壤入渗速率的主要物理特征为土壤容重(BD)、土壤有机质(SOC)、土壤储水量(SWS)、土壤黏粒含量。 [结论

]

不同长期植被恢复类型下的土壤入渗性质具有显著性差异，长期天然林相较于长期人工林其植被恢复效益更大，更能有效改善黄土高原的土壤质量，提升土壤保水性能。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of different long-term vegetation restoration types on differences of soil surface infiltration and water storage in the loess gully region of Western Shanxi Province were studied in order to screen and enhance the ecological benefits of natural vegetation restoration as well as artificial vegetation restoration in Loess Plateau in the future

thereby providing a scientific reference for an in-depth understanding of the ecological benefits of vegetation restoration. [Methods] We measured infiltration in the top 30 cm of soil under four types of restored vegetation (Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest

Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest

Platycladus orientalis pure forest

natural forest). We also measured soil physical and chemical properties such as soil bulk density and mechanical composition

and monitored soil moisture dynamics in the four types of restored vegetation in the loess hilly-gully region. We calculated soil water storage and analyzed differences due to vegetation type

and conducted correlation analysis and principal component analysis. Three soil infiltration models were then fitted to the measured processes in order to compare their suitability for use in vegetation restoration areas of the loess hilly-gully region. Differences in soil infiltration and water storage between different vegetation restoration types were also determined. We also evaluated the ability of the models to supplement and improve the surface soil water infiltration pattern under different vegetation restoration types in the Loess Plateau region. [Results] ① Natural forest was more effective in improving the physical properties of the 0—30 cm surface soil compared with pure planted forests. Natural forest had greater water content and better water retention

and planted forests were more effective in improving the infiltration capacity of the soil in the study area compared with natural forest. ② The stable infiltration rate of soil under different vegetation types from largest to smallest followed the order of natural forest ＞ Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest ＞ Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest ＞ Platycladus orientalis pure forest (for the 0—10 cm layer); Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest ＞ Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest ＞ Platycladus orientalis pure forest ＞ natural forest (for the 10—20 cm layer); Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest ＞ Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest ＞ Platycladus orientalis pure forest ＞ natural forest (for the 20—30 cm layer); ③ The Horton model performed better than the Kostiakov and Philip models in fitting soil infiltration in the study area (R2=0.94)

and will be helpful in better understanding the soil infiltration pattern in the study area. ④ The main physical characteristics affecting soil infiltration rate were soil bulk density

soil organic carbon

soil water storage capacity and soil clay particle content. [Conclusion]There were significant differences in soil infiltration properties due to different long-term vegetation restoration types. Compared with long-term replanted forests

the long-term natural forest had greater vegetation restoration benefits

and could effectively improve soil quality and enhance soil water retention capacity for the Loess Plateau.

关键词

Keywords

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