渤海湾海陆统筹生态安全屏障构建

杜志博; 陈晓琴; 李洪远; 孟伟庆

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.01.015

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渤海湾海陆统筹生态安全屏障构建

试验研究

- 渤海湾海陆统筹生态安全屏障构建
- Construction of an Ecological Security Barrier for Sea and Land in Bohai Bay
- 水土保持通报 2023年43卷第1期页码：124-132
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津,300350
  2. 天津市跨介质复合污染环境治理技术重点实验室,天津,300350
  3. 天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院,天津,300387
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家社会科学基金重点项目“渤海湾'海洋生态安全屏障'构建研究”(19AZD005);天津市科技重大专项与工程“天津市域生态空间格局优化与生态功能提升技术及应用”(18ZXSZSF00200)。
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.01.015
  中图分类号： X321;X171.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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杜志博, 陈晓琴, 李洪远, 等. 渤海湾海陆统筹生态安全屏障构建[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(1):124-132.

Du Zhibo, Chen Xiaoqin, Li Hongyuan, et al. Construction of an Ecological Security Barrier for Sea and Land in Bohai Bay[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(1): 124-132.
杜志博, 陈晓琴, 李洪远, 等. 渤海湾海陆统筹生态安全屏障构建[J]. 水土保持通报, 2023,43(1):124-132. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.01.015.

Du Zhibo, Chen Xiaoqin, Li Hongyuan, et al. Construction of an Ecological Security Barrier for Sea and Land in Bohai Bay[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(1): 124-132. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.01.015.

摘要

[目的] 构建正向、负向作用区域相结合的生态屏障区，以充分实现生态屏障的保护、防御目标，为科学规划、实施生态屏障区分目标和差异化管理提供参考。[方法] 以渤海湾生态系统为研究区域，通过水鸟多样性热点分析、生态系统服务价值评估、近岸海域生态系统质量评价得出正向、负向作用区域，结合各省份海洋保护规划目标，构建渤海湾海陆统筹生态安全屏障。[结果] ①水鸟多样性热点区域位于沿海滩涂、湿地和水体生态系统，冷点区域位于建设用地和耕地等频繁受人类活动影响的区域。生态系统服务价值由北向南呈现增加的趋势，其中水源涵养功能服务价值量最高。 ②近岸海域海水环境质量整体向好，但仍存在富营养化严重、赤潮等海洋灾害频发地点；由北向南，海洋环境承载能力逐渐下降、海洋渔业开发强度逐渐上升。 ③生态安全屏障共包括16个区域，其中正向作用区域11个，负向作用区域5个，主要位于近海一侧陆海交汇处，整体大致呈现间隔分布的特征。[结论] 以生态屏障为指导开展规划管理、生态治理工作，正向作用区域、负向作用区域分别以实现保护目标、防御目标为宗旨，促进海陆一体化生态文明建设。

Abstract

[Objective] An ecological barrier area that combined positive and negative action areas was constructed to fully realize the protection and defense goals of an ecological barrier in order to provide a reference for scientific planning and implementation of ecological barrier distinction goals and differentiated management. [Methods] Positive and negative effect areas for the Bohai Bay ecosystem were extracted based on a hotspot analysis of waterbird diversity

ecosystem service value assessment

and ecosystem quality evaluation of the nearshore marine ecosystem. In combination with the marine protection planning objectives of each province

the Bohai Bay sea-land coordinated ecological security barrier was finally constructed. [Results] ① The hotspots of waterbird diversity were located in coastal mudflats

wetlands

and water ecosystems. The cold spots were located in areas frequently affected by human activities such as construction land and cultivated land. The ecosystem service value showed an increasing trend from north to south

and the service value of the water conservation function was the highest. ② The overall quality of the near-shore seawater environment was improving

but there were still places with frequent marine disasters such as severe eutrophication and red tides. From north to south

the carrying capacity of the marine environment gradually decreased

and the intensity of marine fishery development slowly increased. ③ The ecological security barrier area consisted of 16 areas

including 11 positive-acting areas and five negative-acting areas. These areas were mainly located at the land-sea intersection on the offshore side

and generally presented the characteristics of interval distribution. [Conclusion] The ecological barrier will be used as a guide to carry out planning and management and ecological governance. The positive-acting areas are aimed at achieving the protection goal

and the negative-acting areas are aimed at attaining the defense goal so as to promote the construction of an integrated ecological civilization on sea and land.

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