甘蔗种植方式对蔗地土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征的影响

黄艳荟; 宁嘉丽; 李桂芳; 杨任翔; 王坚桦; 陈钊柱

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220919.002

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

甘蔗种植方式对蔗地土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征的影响

试验研究

- 甘蔗种植方式对蔗地土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征的影响
- Effects of Planting Methods on Soil Erosion and Nitrogen Loss in a Sugarcane Field
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第6期页码：121-128
- 作者机构：
  
  广西大学农学院广西农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室,广西,南宁,530004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目"植蔗坡耕地土壤侵蚀及养分流失特征和机制"(41967010);广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFBA138024)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220919.002
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
黄艳荟, 宁嘉丽, 李桂芳, 等. 甘蔗种植方式对蔗地土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(6):121-128.

Huang Yanhui, Ning Jiali, Li Guifang, et al. Effects of Planting Methods on Soil Erosion and Nitrogen Loss in a Sugarcane Field[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(6): 121-128.
黄艳荟, 宁嘉丽, 李桂芳, 等. 甘蔗种植方式对蔗地土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(6):121-128. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220919.002.

Huang Yanhui, Ning Jiali, Li Guifang, et al. Effects of Planting Methods on Soil Erosion and Nitrogen Loss in a Sugarcane Field[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(6): 121-128. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220919.002.

摘要

[目的

]

探讨自然降雨条件下甘蔗种植方式(宿根和新植)对坡地的土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征的影响，为区域水土流失防治和甘蔗合理种植提供理论依据。 [方法

]

基于径流小区原位观测试验，以10°赤红壤植蔗坡地为研究对象，设置甘蔗宿根和新植两种种植方式，测定自然降雨条件下坡面径流、侵蚀量及硝态氮和铵态氮流失量，获得自然降雨条件下宿根蔗和新植蔗坡地土壤侵蚀特征和氮素流失的特征。 [结果

]

①2021年5-10月宿根蔗和新植蔗地分别发生侵蚀性降雨40场和43场，累计侵蚀性降雨981.8 mm和1 013.0 mm。蔗地径流、侵蚀量及氮素流失量均集中在6月，径流和侵蚀泥沙中硝态氮和铵态氮主要随地表径流流失，占径流侵蚀氮素流失总量的96.0%以上；径流中的氮流失以硝态氮为主(＞70.0%)，而侵蚀泥沙中则以铵态氮流失为主(＞80.0%)。宿根蔗坡面径流、侵蚀量较新植蔗减少了31.8%和83.5%，径流中硝态氮和铵态氮流失量减少了56.7%和51.9%，侵蚀泥沙中则减少了85.4%和60.2%。 ②次降雨条件下，蔗地坡面径流、侵蚀和氮素流失随降雨量波动变化，宿根蔗和新植蔗地的径流、侵蚀量及氮素流失量主要发生在2021年6月3-24日降雨中，且整体上均表现为宿根蔗小于新植蔗。随着甘蔗的生长，蔗地坡面径流、侵蚀及其携带氮素流失量均逐渐减小。 ③最大30 min降雨强度(I

)和降雨量是影响蔗地径流中和侵蚀泥沙中氮素流失的主要因子；最大60 min降雨强度(I

)和I

分别是影响宿根蔗和新植蔗坡面径流侵蚀的最主要降雨因子。 [结论

]

蔗地坡面土壤径流、侵蚀泥沙中的硝态氮和铵态氮流失以地表径流中的硝态氮流失为主；与新植蔗相比，宿根蔗在甘蔗苗期和分蘖期可以有效降低坡面径流侵蚀及氮素流失，伸长后期二者差异逐渐变小。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of sugarcane planting methods 〔ratoon sugarcane (RS) and newly planting sugarcane (NS)〕 on soil erosion and nitrogen loss characteristics of slope land under natural rainfall were determined in order to provide a theoretical basis for regional water and soil loss prevention

and for determining reasonable planting practices for sugarcane. [Methods] In-situ observations were made of natural rainfall processes

runoff

sediment yield

and nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen losses under individual rainfall events for different sugarcane planting patterns 〔ratoon sugarcane (RS) and newly planting sugarcane (NS)〕 on lateritic soil from May to October in 2021. [Results] ① The numbers of individual erosive rainfall events in the NS and RS treatments were 40 and 43

respectively

and the erosive rainfall amounts were 981.8 mm and 1 013.0 mm

respectively

from May to October in 2021. Runoff

sediment

and nitrogen losses of sugarcane land mainly occurred in June. Nitrogen losses were mainly lost through surface runoff

accounting for more than 96.0% of the total nitrogen loss in runoff and sediment. Nitrate nitrogen loss accounted for more than 70% of total dissolved nitrogen in runoff

while ammonium nitrogen was the main nitrogen loss type in sediment (＞80%). Compared with the NS treatment

the total runoff and soil erosion of the RS treatment decreased by 31.8% and 83.5%

respectively

the loss of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in runoff decreased by 56.7% and 51.9%

and the sediment loss decreased by 85.4% and 60.2%. ② Runoff

sediment yield

and nitrogen losses of sugarcane land under the different treatments fluctuated with individual rainfall events among sugarcane growing treatments

and losses mainly arose from the rainfall occurring from June 3 to 24

2021. The losses of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in runoff and erosion sediment for the RS treatment were generally lower than for the NS treatment. Additionally

runoff

sediment

and the nitrogen losses in runoff erosion gradually decreased with the growth of sugarcane. ③ The maximum 30-minute rainfall intensity (I30) and rainfall were the main factors affecting nitrogen loss in sugarcane field runoff and sediment. The maximum 60-minute rainfall intensity (I60) and I30 were the main rainfall factors affecting the slope runoff erosion of the RS and NS treatments

respectively. [Conclusion] Losses of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in runoff and sediment in sugarcane land were mainly in the form of nitrate nitrogen occurring with surface runoff. Compared with the NS treatment

the RS treatment could effectively reduce runoff

erosion

and nitrogen losses during the sugarcane seedling stage and tillering stage. Differences between the two treatments gradually decreased in the later stage of elongation.

关键词

Keywords

references

Zhao Longshan, Fang Qian, Hou Rui, et al. Effect of rainfall intensity and duration on soil erosion on slopes with different microrelief patterns[J]. Geoderma, 2021,396:115085.

Guo Shufang, Zhai Limei, Liu Jian, et al. Cross-ridge tillage decreases nitrogen and phosphorus losses from sloping farmlands in southern hilly regions of China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019,191:48-56.

严磊,邓旭哲,薛利红,等.不同雨强和植被盖度对稻田径流及氮素流失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(12):2761-2769.

魏文学,谢小立,秦红灵,等.促进南方红壤丘陵区农业可持续发展的复合农业生态系统长期观测研究[J].中国科学院院刊,2019,34(2):231-243.

杨任翔,邱凡,郑佳舜,等.赤红壤植蔗坡地坡面径流及溶解态氮磷流失特征[J].生态学报,2022,42(3):904-913.

彭宏佳,吴起鑫,任斐鹏,等.喀斯特地区坡面不同土地利用方式水土流失及磷素输出对次降雨特征的响应[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(4):756-765.

崔璨,王小燕,孙宁婷,等.三峡库区典型农业小流域次降雨产沙过程及其影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(1):17-23.

姚一文,戴全厚,甘艺贤,等.雨强和地下孔(裂)隙度对喀斯特坡耕地养分流失的影响[J].中国农业科学,2021,54(1):140-151.

杨凯,赵军,赵允格,等.生物结皮坡面不同降雨历时的产流特征[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(23):135-141.

李桂芳,杨任翔,谢福倩,等.不同土地利用方式下赤红壤坡面土壤侵蚀特征[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(2):101-107,230.

李叶鑫,吕刚,傅昕阳,等.降雨特性和坡度对辽西低山丘陵区坡耕地褐土溅蚀的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(4):37-43.

Muoni T, Koomson E, Öborn I, et al. Reducing soil erosion in smallholder farming systems in East Africa through the introduction of different crop types[J]. Experimental Agriculture, 2020,56(2):183-195.

徐宁,吴发启,杨一凡,等.大豆调节坡耕地径流和泥沙作用研究[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(3):42-48.

Pang Z Q, Tayyab M, Kong C B, et al. Continuous Sugarcane planting negatively impacts soil microbial community structure, soil fertility, and sugarcane agronomic parameters[J]. Microorganisms, 2021,9(10):2008-2014.

余长洪,李就好,陈凯,等.甘蔗冠层对降雨再分配的影响[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(3):85-87.

赵娅君,吴发启,徐宁,等.不同雨强下各生育期玉米坡耕地的侵蚀产沙研究[J].水土保持通报,2020,40(6):23-28,35.

丁培.模拟降雨下根系密度对土壤侵蚀和侵蚀性的影响[J].水利科学与寒区工程,2022,5(2):40-44.

肖继兵,孙占祥,刘志,等.降雨侵蚀因子和植被类型及覆盖度对坡耕地土壤侵蚀的影响[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(22):159-166.

Lin Qingtao, Xu Qian, Wu Faqi, et al. Effects of wheat in regulating runoff and sediment on different slope gradients and under different rainfall intensities[J]. Catena, 2019,183(C):104196.

冯小杰,郑子成,李廷轩,等.暴雨条件下紫色土区玉米季坡耕地氮素流失特征[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(4):738-749.

Zhao J L, Wang Z G, Dong Y F, et al. How soil erosion and runoff are related to land use, topography and annual precipitation:Insights from a meta-analysis of erosion plots in China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022,802:149665.

杨任翔,邱凡,王坚桦,等.雨型和甘蔗种植对赤红壤坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(1):65-70,78.

周一帆,杨林生,孟博,等.中国甘蔗主产区产量差及影响因素分析[J].中国农业科学,2021,54(11):2377-2388.

黎静宜,李勇,黄智刚,等.甘蔗集约化种植区施肥显著增加入河硝态氮污染:基于氮氧同位素的流域示踪[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2022,28(1):104-113.

谢如林,谭宏伟,周柳强,等.甘蔗种植体系水土及氮磷养分流失研究[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(4):1572-1577.

区惠平,周柳强,黄金生,等.长期不同施肥对甘蔗产量稳定性、肥料贡献率及养分流失的影响[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(10):1931-1939.

罗兴录,樊吴静,杨鑫.不同作物种植垦作对水土流失影响研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(36):232-236.

Anache J A A, Flanagan D C, Srivastava A, et al. Land use and climate change impacts on runoff and soil erosion at the hillslope scale in the Brazilian Cerrado[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018,622/623:140-151.

Li Yong, Mo Yaqi, Are K S, et al. Sugarcane planting patterns control ephemeral gully erosion and associated nutrient losses:Evidence from hillslope observation[J]. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 2021,309:107289.

Li Yong, Abegunrin T P, Guo Hao, et al. Variation of dissolved nutrient exports by surface runoff from sugarcane watershed is controlled by fertilizer application and ground cover[J]. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2020,303:107121.

张跃彬,邓军,杨绍林,等.国际上甘蔗栽培的研究进展[J].甘蔗糖业,2021,50(2):1-5,140.

广西壮族自治区统计局.广西统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2021.

张铁钢,李占斌,李鹏,等.模拟降雨条件下不同种植方式的坡地氮素流失特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):5-8.

张洋,樊芳龄,周川,等.三峡库区农桑配置对地表氮磷流失的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(1):189-201.

林庆明,丁文峰,张长伟,等.模拟降雨条件下红壤坡面侵蚀产沙水动力学特征[J].水土保持通报,2019,39(2):16-21.

水利部水土保持监测中心.径流小区和小流域水土保持监测手册[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2015.

李浩,韦本辉,黄金玲,等.粉垄对甘蔗根系结构发育及呼吸代谢相关酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2021,54(3):522-532.

梁珂,贺小容,何丙辉,等.翻耕除草对不同坡长下紫色土氮磷流失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(4):7-13.

Wu Lei, Yen Haw, Ma Xiaoyi. Effects of particulate fractions on critical slope and critical rainfall intensity for runoff phosphorus from bare loessial soil[J]. Catena, 2021,196:104935.

Gomes T F, Van de Broek M, Govers G, et al. Runoff, soil loss, and sources of particulate organic carbon delivered to streams by sugarcane and riparian areas:An isotopic approach[J]. Catena, 2019,181:104083.

毛妍婷,刘宏斌,郭树芳,等.耕作措施对坡耕地红壤地表径流氮磷流失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(5):26-33.

陈仕奇,龙翼,严冬春,等.三峡库区石盘丘小流域氮磷输出形态及流失通量[J].环境科学,2020,41(3):1276-1285.

李宗勋,李启艳,侯晓龙,等.不同自然降雨等级下不同郁闭度马尾松林的水土流失特征[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(1):27-33,40.

浏览量

619

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

基于GIS的太原市土壤侵蚀定量研究

乌陂河小流域降雨对土壤侵蚀的影响

降雨与植被对大别山“林改园”区土壤侵蚀的影响

藏东南干旱河谷区土壤抗蚀性和水土流失过程模拟

2010—2023年秦岭北麓（西安段）土壤侵蚀特征