基于土地利用和景观格局的高原山区湖库水质变化主要贡献因子分析

裴宇; 周旭; 蒋啸; 陈大蓉; 敖杨; 胡玉雪

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220704.002

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基于土地利用和景观格局的高原山区湖库水质变化主要贡献因子分析

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- 基于土地利用和景观格局的高原山区湖库水质变化主要贡献因子分析
- Analysis of Main Contributing Factors to Changes in Lake and Reservoir Water Quality in Plateau Mountainous Areas Based on Land Use and Landscape Pattern
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第6期页码：247-257
- 作者机构：
  
  贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州,贵阳,550025
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目"喀斯特生物多样性形成和维持的钙依赖机制及其应用基础"(U1812401);贵州省科学技术项目([2017]1131);贵州省科技支撑项目([2017]2855)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220704.002
  中图分类号： X52;P901
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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裴宇, 周旭, 蒋啸, 等. 基于土地利用和景观格局的高原山区湖库水质变化主要贡献因子分析[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(6):247-257.

Pei Yu, Zhou Xu, Jiang Xiao, et al. Analysis of Main Contributing Factors to Changes in Lake and Reservoir Water Quality in Plateau Mountainous Areas Based on Land Use and Landscape Pattern[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(6): 247-257.
裴宇, 周旭, 蒋啸, 等. 基于土地利用和景观格局的高原山区湖库水质变化主要贡献因子分析[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(6):247-257. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220704.002.

Pei Yu, Zhou Xu, Jiang Xiao, et al. Analysis of Main Contributing Factors to Changes in Lake and Reservoir Water Quality in Plateau Mountainous Areas Based on Land Use and Landscape Pattern[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(6): 247-257. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220704.002.

摘要

[目的] 准确分析与识别高原山区湖库水质变化的主要贡献因子，为高原山区乃至全国水环境污染防治和管理工作提供科学参考。 [方法] 解译贵阳市“两湖一库”流域2013，2016和2019年3期土地利用数据，采集丰-枯水期总氮和总磷水质数据，通过Pearson相关分析揭示3期土地利用/景观指数与水质的相关性，冗余分析识别土地利用/景观指数对水质的贡献。 [结果] ①2013-2019年，林地、建设用地和草地分别增加11.72%，9.96%和3.18%，水田、旱地分别减少8.77%，12.07%。林地与建设用地均表现为结合度增强，斑块数量比例增加。 ②红枫湖水质达到国家Ⅰ-Ⅲ类水质标准，百花湖和阿哈水库的总磷、总氮浓度波动较大，水质状况劣于红枫湖。 ③林地面积比例和景观指数与水质指标整体表现为负相关，建设用地面积比例和景观指数与水质指标整体表现为正相关。 ④2013和2016年林地斑块数量比例的贡献度分别达到54.0%和52.5%，2019年建设用地面积比例的贡献度达到68.7%。 [结论] 林地表现出“汇”的效果，建设用地则是“源”的效果，增加流域“汇”效应，抑制污染“源”的输出，是缓解“两湖一库”流域水质恶化的有效手段。

Abstract

[Objective] The main contributing factors to changes in lake and reservoir water quality in plateau mountainous areas were accurately analyzed in order to provide a scientific reference for the prevention and management of environmental water pollution in these areas as well as for the entire country. [Methods] Land use data for the “Two Lakes and One Reservoir” watershed in Guiyang City in 2013

2016

and 2019 were interpreted

and the water quality data of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were collected during flood and dry seasons. The correlation between three periods of land use/landscape index and water quality data were revealed through Pearson correlation analysis

and the contribution of three periods of land use/landscape index to water quality were identified by RDA analysis. [Results] ① Forest land

construction land

and grassland increased by 11.72%

9.96%

and 3.18%

respectively

while paddy land and dry land decreased by 8.77% and 12.07%

respectively

from 2013 to 2019. Both forest land and construction land showed an increase in the degree of integration and in the proportion of number of patches. ② The water quality of Hongfeng Lake reached the national water quality standard classes of Ⅰ to Ⅲ. The concentrations of TN and TP in Baihua Lake and Aha Reservoir fluctuated greatly

and the water quality was worse than that of Hongfeng Lake. ③ The proportion of forest land area and landscape index were negatively correlated with the water quality index

and the proportion of construction land area and landscape index were positively correlated with the water quality index. ④ The contribution of forest patches reached 54.0% and 52.5% in 2013 and 2016

respectively

and the contribution of the proportion of construction land area reached 68.7% in 2019. [Conclusion] Forest land produced a “sink” effect

while construction land produced a “source” effect. Increasing the “sink” effect and restraining the output of pollution “sources” are effective means to alleviate the deterioration of water quality in the “Two Lakes and One Reservoir” watershed.

关键词

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