基于RUSLE的蔗区小流域土壤侵蚀特征研究

刘小梅; 李勇; 黄智刚; 邓羽松; 郭豪; 何卿姮

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220310.001

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基于RUSLE的蔗区小流域土壤侵蚀特征研究

试验研究

- 基于RUSLE的蔗区小流域土壤侵蚀特征研究
- Soil Erosion Characteristics of Sugarcane-Growing Watershed Based on RUSLE
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第3期页码：82-88
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 广西大学农学院,广西,南宁,530004
  2. 广西大学林学院,广西,南宁,530004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  广西科技重大专项“集约化农区面源污染综合防控体系与示范”项目（桂科AA17204078）;广西科技基地和人才专项“流域农业面源污染的FRN-CSSI联合溯源示踪新技术”（桂科AD17195098）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220310.001
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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刘小梅, 李勇, 黄智刚, 等. 基于RUSLE的蔗区小流域土壤侵蚀特征研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(3):82-88.

Liu Xiaomei, Li Yong, Huang Zhigang, et al. Soil Erosion Characteristics of Sugarcane-Growing Watershed Based on RUSLE[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(3): 82-88.
刘小梅, 李勇, 黄智刚, 等. 基于RUSLE的蔗区小流域土壤侵蚀特征研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(3):82-88. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220310.001.

Liu Xiaomei, Li Yong, Huang Zhigang, et al. Soil Erosion Characteristics of Sugarcane-Growing Watershed Based on RUSLE[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(3): 82-88. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20220310.001.

摘要

[目的

]

探讨广西壮族自治区典型赤红壤集约化蔗区小流域的土壤侵蚀状况，以及土壤侵蚀强度与不同坡度、土地利用类型的关系，为广西集约化蔗区小流域防治土壤侵蚀提供科学参考。[方法

]

在GIS空间分析技术支持下，利用修正的通用土壤流失方程（revised universal soil loss equation，RUSLE）对其进行定量估算。[结果

]

①那辣小流域坡度在0°~35°之间，坡耕地（甘蔗）、林地（桉树）分别占土地利用总面积的82.85%，10.99%，道路和沟渠共占6.16%。2020年流域平均土壤侵蚀速率为22.97 t/（hm

·a），属轻度侵蚀水平，是水利部规定的南方红壤丘陵区土壤允许流失量5 t/（hm

·a）的4.6倍；②流域土壤侵蚀主要发生在5°~25°的坡度范围内，是预防和治理水土流失的重点区域；③不同土地利用类型中，平均侵蚀速率最大的是林地（桉树），为53.59 t/（hm

·a），分别是坡耕地（甘蔗）、道路、沟渠的2.84，2.12，27.91倍。[结论

]

应用RUSLE模型通过借助软件输入相关参数和处理数据，即可估算出蔗区土壤侵蚀及不同坡度、土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀强度分布特征，应合理规划并利用管理好流域的坡耕地（甘蔗）、林地（桉树）、道路等土地利用类型，采取具有针对性的、有效的水土保持措施。

Abstract

[Objective] The soil erosion status and the relationships between soil erosion intensity and different slope and land use types in a small watershed of an intensive sugarcane-growing area with a typical lateritic soil were investigated in order to provide a theoretical reference for soil erosion control in this area of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.[Methods] With the support of GIS spatial analysis technology

the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) was used to quantitatively estimate soil loss.[Results] ① The Nala watershed slope ranged between 0° and 35°

and the slope farmland (sugarcane) and forest land (eucalyptus) accounted for 82.85% and 10.99%

respectively

of the total land use area

while roads and channels accounted for 6.16%. The average soil erosion rate of the Nala watershed in 2020 was 22.97 t/(ha·yr) (classified as mild erosion)

and this rate was 4.6 times of the allowable soil loss rate of 5 t/(ha·yr) stipulated by the ministry of Water Resources for the southern red soil hilly region. ② Soil erosion mainly occurred on slopes ranging from 5° to 25°

and areas with slopes in this range were the key areas to target for the prevention and control of soil erosion. ③ Among different land use types

the average erosion rate of forest land (eucalyptus) was 53.59 t/(ha·yr)

which was 2.84

2.12

and 27.91 times of the erosion rate of slope farmland (sugarcane)

roads

and channels

respectively.[Conclusion] The RUSLE model can be used to estimate soil erosion and soil erosion intensity distribution characteristics of different slopes and land use types in sugarcane-growing areas by inputting relevant parameters and processing data with software. Land use types such as slope farmland (sugarcane)

forest land (eucalyptus)

and roads should be properly planned and managed so as to take targeted and effective soil and water conservation measures.

关键词

Keywords

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