1. 贵州大学 公共管理学院,贵州,贵阳,550025
2. 山西鑫盛达土地规划设计咨询有限公司,山西,太原,030000
纸质出版:2022
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杨柳, 索萌萌, 柴娇娇, 等. 2000—2020年喀斯特地区煤矿资源城市生态敏感性的时空演变[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(4):338-346.
Yang Liu, Suo Mengmeng, Chai Jiaojiao, et al. Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Ecological Sensitivity at Coal Mining Cities in a Karst Region During 2000-2020[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(4): 338-346.
杨柳, 索萌萌, 柴娇娇, 等. 2000—2020年喀斯特地区煤矿资源城市生态敏感性的时空演变[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(4):338-346. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.042.
Yang Liu, Suo Mengmeng, Chai Jiaojiao, et al. Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Ecological Sensitivity at Coal Mining Cities in a Karst Region During 2000-2020[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(4): 338-346. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.042.
[目的] 以喀斯特地区典型煤矿资源城市贵州省六盘水市为例,分析研究区2000—2020年生态敏感性时空演变特征,为喀斯特地区煤矿资源城市的生态保护工作提供科学依据。[方法] 根据研究区实际,选择遥感生态指数、水土流失敏感性指数、石漠化敏感性指数、景观开发强度指数、碳排放量构建综合生态敏感性指数,并借助空间自相关分析方法分析六盘水市生态敏感性时空演变特征。[结果] ①2000—2020年,六盘水市极敏感、高度、轻度、中度敏感区域呈波动下降趋势,不敏感区持续上升,生态环境明显改善; ②2000—2020年六盘水市极敏感、高敏感区空间演变趋势为零散分布在全市,同时向东南部转移,并向西北部扩散,范围持续缩减,除钟山区南部有轻微扩散外,其余区域均呈现持续或波动缩减趋势,环境趋向于改善; ③2000—2020年六盘水市综合生态敏感性Global Moran’s I分别为0.525,0.570和0.476,说明六盘水市生态敏感性在空间上呈正相关关系,且相关性随时间变化而逐渐减弱。LISA图显示高高、低低聚集区减少,生态敏感性聚集程度有所降低。[结论] 六盘水市生态敏感性以轻度敏感为主,主要分布在生态禀赋较好的西北部地区;极敏感性区域比例较小,集中于自然条件较脆弱的东南部。随着时间推移,六盘水市的营造林等工程措施在一定程度上缓解了人类过度干预所带来的环境恶化,使区域内极敏感、高敏感区范围不断缩减,生态环境得到显著改善。
[Objective] The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ecological sensitivity in a typical coal mine resource city (Liupanshui City in Guizhou Province) in a karst region from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed in order to provide a basis for the ecological protection of coal mine resource cities in karst regions.[Methods] We chose a remote sensing ecological index
a water loss and soil erosion sensitivity index
a rocky desertification sensitivity index
a landscape development intensity index
and an index of carbon emissions to build an integrated ecological sensitivity index
and analyzed the ecological sensitivity of Liupanshui City with the aid of spatial autocorrelation analysis.[Results] ① From 2000 to 2020
the extremely sensitive
highly sensitive
mildly sensitive
and moderately sensitive areas in Liupanshui City showed a trend of fluctuation and decline
while the insensitive areas continued to rise. The ecological environment of Liupanshui City improved significantly over time. ② From 2000 to 2020
the spatial evolution trend of extremely sensitive and highly sensitive areas in Liupanshui City was scattered over the entire city
shifted to the southeast
and spread to the northwest
and the area continued to shrink. Except for the slight spread in the south of Zhongshan District
other areas showed a continuous or fluctuating shrinking trend
and the environment tended to improve. ③ From 2000 to 2020
the Global Moran's I values for Liupanshui City were 0.525
0.570 and 0.476
respectively
indicating that the ecological sensitivity of Liupanshui City had a positive spatial correlation
and the correlation gradually weakened with time. The LISA diagram showed that the high and low aggregation areas decreased
and the degree of ecological sensitivity aggregation decreased.[Conclusion] The ecological sensitivity of Liupanshui City is mainly mild
mainly distributed in the northwest region with better ecological conditions. The proportion of extremely sensitive areas was small
concentrated in the southeast where the natural conditions are more fragile. With the passage of time
afforestation and other engineering measures in Liupanshui City have alleviated the environmental deterioration caused by excessive human intervention to a certain extent
reducing the area of extremely sensitive and highly sensitive areas in the region and significantly improving the ecological environment.
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