洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染时空特征及脱钩效应

胡贤辉; 张紫怡; 王子诚; 方龙俊; 田雨萌; 文高辉

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.033

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洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染时空特征及脱钩效应

试验研究

- 洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染时空特征及脱钩效应
- Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Decoupling Effect of Non-point Source Pollution on Cultivated Land in Dongting Lake Plain
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第4期页码：258-266
- 作者机构：
  
  湖南师范大学地理科学学院,湖南,长沙,410081
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“耕地利用生态效率评价、驱动因子及提升机制研究：以洞庭湖平原为例”（41801190）;湖南省自然科学基金项目（2019JJ50390）;湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目（18YBQ097）;湖南省教育厅创新平台开放项目（19K062）;国家级大学生创新创业训练计划支持项目（202110542045）;湖南师范大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（2021152）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.033
  中图分类号： F323.2
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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胡贤辉, 张紫怡, 王子诚, 等. 洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染时空特征及脱钩效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(4):258-266.

Hu Xianhui, Zhang Ziyi, Wang Zicheng, et al. Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Decoupling Effect of Non-point Source Pollution on Cultivated Land in Dongting Lake Plain[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(4): 258-266.
胡贤辉, 张紫怡, 王子诚, 等. 洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染时空特征及脱钩效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(4):258-266. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.033.

Hu Xianhui, Zhang Ziyi, Wang Zicheng, et al. Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Decoupling Effect of Non-point Source Pollution on Cultivated Land in Dongting Lake Plain[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(4): 258-266. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.033.

摘要

[目的] 揭示2009—2019年洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染时空演变规律，探究耕地面源污染与农业生产的脱钩关系，为洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染治理提供科学参考。[方法] 采用化肥农药施用强度和粮食单产分别描述洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染和农业生产状况，利用空间分析法和脱钩模型揭示2009—2019年洞庭湖平原耕地面源污染和农业生产的时空演变规律及其脱钩关系。[结果] ①2009—2019年洞庭湖平原化肥、农药施用强度均呈现“先升后降”的趋势，且具有明显的空间差异性，化肥、农药生产率总体上呈现出上升趋势； ②2009—2019年洞庭湖平原粮食单产呈现出倒U形趋势，且具有明显的空间差异性； ③洞庭湖平原粮食单产与化肥农药施用强度的脱钩关系呈现出明显的阶段性特征：第一阶段为波动期(2009—2013年)，第二阶段为强脱钩期(2014—2015年)，第三阶段为弱负脱钩和衰退脱钩期(2016—2019年)； ④洞庭湖平原农业生产与耕地面源污染的脱钩关系在县级空间尺度上逐渐呈现出较高的趋同性和聚集特征。[结论] 应进一步加强耕地面源污染源头防治，并采取多种举措提高粮食单产，最终实现耕地面源污染与农业生产的强脱钩。

Abstract

[Objective] The the temporal and spatial evolution law of non-point source pollution on cultivated land in the Dongting Lake plain from 2009 to 2019 was studied to define the decoupling relationship between cultivated land non-point source pollution and agricultural production in order to provide a scientific reference for the treatment of non-point source pollution on cultivated land in the Dongting Lake plain.[Methods] The application rates of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in addition to grain yield per unit area were used to describe the status of cultivated land non-point source pollution and agricultural production in the Dongting Lake plain. Spatial analysis and a decoupling model were used to determine the temporal and spatial evolution law and the decoupling relationship between non-point source pollution on cultivated land and agricultural production in the Dongting Lake plain from 2009 to 2019.[Results] ① From 2009 to 2019

the application rates of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the Dongting Lake plain initially increased and then decreased

and exhibited obvious spatial differences. The productivity of chemical fertilizers and pesticides showed an overall upward trend; ② From 2009 to 2019

grain yield per unit area in the Dongting Lake plain showed an inverted U-shaped trend

with obvious spatial differences; ③ The decoupling relationship between grain yield per unit area and the rates of chemical fertilizer and pesticide applications in the Dongting Lake plain showed obvious stage characteristics:the first stage was a fluctuation period (2009-2013); the second stage was a strong decoupling period (2014-2015); and the third stage was a weak negative decoupling and declining decoupling period (2016-2019); ④ The decoupling relationship between agricultural production and cultivated land non-point source pollution in the Dongting Lake plain gradually showed high convergence and aggregation characteristics on the county-level spatial scale.[Conclusion] Efforts should be taken to further strengthen the prevention and control of the source of non-point source pollution on cultivated land through the use of a variety of measures in order to improve grain yield

and to finally realize the strong decoupling between cultivated land non-point source pollution and agricultural production.

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