连云港市低山丘陵区侵蚀性降雨特征及产流产沙规律

陶淑芸; 刘沂轩; 程建敏; 王桂林

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.005

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连云港市低山丘陵区侵蚀性降雨特征及产流产沙规律

试验研究

- 连云港市低山丘陵区侵蚀性降雨特征及产流产沙规律
- Characteristics of Erosive Rainfall and Its Effects on Runoff and Sediment Yield in a Low Mountain and Hilly Area of Lianyungang City
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第4期页码：33-41
- 作者机构：
  
  江苏省水文水资源勘测局连云港分局,江苏,连云港,222004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  江苏省水利科技项目“淮北土石山区多尺度水土流失遥感监测技术研究与应用”（2014032）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.005
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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陶淑芸, 刘沂轩, 程建敏, 等. 连云港市低山丘陵区侵蚀性降雨特征及产流产沙规律[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(4):33-41.

Tao Shuyun, Liu Yixuan, Cheng Jianmin, et al. Characteristics of Erosive Rainfall and Its Effects on Runoff and Sediment Yield in a Low Mountain and Hilly Area of Lianyungang City[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(4): 33-41.
陶淑芸, 刘沂轩, 程建敏, 等. 连云港市低山丘陵区侵蚀性降雨特征及产流产沙规律[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(4):33-41. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.005.

Tao Shuyun, Liu Yixuan, Cheng Jianmin, et al. Characteristics of Erosive Rainfall and Its Effects on Runoff and Sediment Yield in a Low Mountain and Hilly Area of Lianyungang City[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(4): 33-41. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.04.005.

摘要

[目的] 分析不同降雨特征和不同下垫面条件下江苏省连云港市低山丘陵区土壤侵蚀产流产沙规律，为当地水土流失防治和提高水土保持效益提供科学依据。[方法] 以黑林水土保持监测点为研究对象，采用K均值聚类法对当地2013—2020年侵蚀性降雨类型进行分类，识别侵蚀性降雨特征，采用灰色关联法分析该监测点5个坡面径流小区降雨量、产流量、产沙量之间的相关性，通过双累积曲线法比较不同下垫面条件下产流产沙能力差异，分析人类活动对地表扰动的水土保持效应。[结果] ①侵蚀性降雨主要发生在汛期，以Ⅰ型(小雨量、小雨强)降雨为主，频次占比66%，其次为Ⅱ型(中雨量、中雨强)降雨和Ⅳ型(大雨量、中雨强)降雨，Ⅲ型(大雨量、大雨强)降雨最少； ②产沙量与降雨量和径流深密切相关，相关系数分别为0.64～0.85，0.61～0.86； ③Ⅲ型降雨引起的次降雨含沙量最大，Ⅳ型降雨引起的土壤流失总量最大； ④农地的产沙能力最大，林地次之，自然荒地最小，减少地表土壤的人为扰动，横向起垄种植，选择覆盖度高的植物更有利于提高当地的水土保持效益，总体上林地水保效益优于农地。⑤不同下垫面间产流产沙差异随着雨量和雨强的增大逐渐减小。[结论] 连云港市低山丘陵区侵蚀性降雨主要发生在汛期，不同雨型不同下垫面间产流产沙特征差异明显，林地水保效益优于农地。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of different rainfall characteristics and different underlying surface conditions on soil erosion and sediment yield were determined in a low mountain and hilly area of Lianyungang City

Jiangsu Province

in order to provide a reference for local soil and water loss prevention and improvement of soil and water conservation benefits.[Methods] Local erosive rainfall types from the Heilin soil and water conservation monitoring point from 2013 to 2020 were classified by the K-means clustering method. The characteristics of erosive rainfall were identified and the correlations among rainfall

runoff

and sediment yield of five slope runoff plots at the monitoring point were analyzed by the grey correlation method. Differences in runoff and sediment yield capacity due to different underlying surface conditions were compared by the double accumulation curve method

and the soil and water conservation effects of human activities on surface disturbance were analyzed.[Results] ① Erosive rainfall mainly occurred during the flood season

mainly from type Ⅰ (small rainfall and light rainfall intensity) rainfall events

accounting for 66% of the rainfall frequency

followed by type Ⅱ (medium rainfall and medium rainfall intensity) rainfall events and type Ⅳ (large rainfall and medium rainfall intensity) rainfall events. Type Ⅲ (large rainfall and heavy rainfall intensity) rainfall events were the least frequent type of rainfall events; ② Sediment yield was closely related to rainfall and runoff depth

and the correlation coefficient ranges were 0.64~0.85 and 0.61~0.86. respectively; ③ The runoff and sediment yield of secondary rainfall caused by type Ⅲ rainfall were the largest

and the total amount of soil loss caused by type Ⅳ rainfall was the largest; ④ The sediment yield capacity of agricultural land was the largest

followed by forest land. The sediment yield capacity of natural wasteland was the smallest. Reducing the artificial disturbance of surface soil

horizontal ridging and planting

and selecting plants with high coverage were more conducive to improving local soil and water conservation benefits. On the whole

the soil and water conservation benefits of forest land were greater than those of agricultural land. ⑤ The differences in runoff and sediment yield due to different underlying surfaces decreased gradually with increasing rainfall and rainfall intensity.[Conclusion] Erosive rainfall mainly occurred during the flood season in a low mountain and hilly area of Lianyungang City. There were obvious differences in the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield due to different rainfall types and underlying surfaces

and the benefits of forest land to soil and water conservation were greater than those of agricultural land.

关键词

Keywords

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