基于MODIS和Landsat数据的湟水河流域土壤侵蚀时空变化研究

杜梅; 赵健赟; 杨静; 丁圆圆; 刘文惠; 李国荣; 王祖顺; 赵利江

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.018

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基于MODIS和Landsat数据的湟水河流域土壤侵蚀时空变化研究

试验研究

- 基于MODIS和Landsat数据的湟水河流域土壤侵蚀时空变化研究
- Soil Erosion and Spatio-temporal Variations in Huangshui River Basin Based on MODIS and Landsat Data
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第3期页码：131-138
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 青海大学地质工程系,青海,西宁,810016
  2. 青海省刚察县气象站, 青海刚察,812300
  3. 甘肃省祁连山生态环境研究中心,甘肃,兰州,730000
  4. 青海省基础测绘院,青海,西宁,810001
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  青海省科技厅项目“黄河源区极端气候变化对高寒草地生态系统的影响机制研究”（2021-ZJ-743）;国家自然科学基金项目“多维立体观测下黄河源鼠兔干扰与高寒草甸退化的耦合关系研究”（42161068）;甘肃省祁连山生态环境研究中心开放资助项目“基于多源数据的青海湖沙流河流域植被时空变化特征研究”（QLS202007）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.018
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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杜梅, 赵健赟, 杨静, 等. 基于MODIS和Landsat数据的湟水河流域土壤侵蚀时空变化研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(3):131-138.

Du Mei, Zhao Jianyun, Yang Jing, et al. Soil Erosion and Spatio-temporal Variations in Huangshui River Basin Based on MODIS and Landsat Data[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(3): 131-138.
杜梅, 赵健赟, 杨静, 等. 基于MODIS和Landsat数据的湟水河流域土壤侵蚀时空变化研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(3):131-138. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.018.

Du Mei, Zhao Jianyun, Yang Jing, et al. Soil Erosion and Spatio-temporal Variations in Huangshui River Basin Based on MODIS and Landsat Data[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(3): 131-138. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.018.

摘要

[目的

]

明确湟水河流域土壤侵蚀时空分布与变化特征，为黄河上游地区的水土保持与防治工作提供数据基础与决策依据。[方法

]

基于湟水河流域2000年和2018年的MODIS，Landsat，降雨、人口密度、经济等数据，利用低空无人机遥感、RUSLE模型和地统计等方法，开展湟水河流域土壤侵蚀模型计算、验证与时空变化分析。[结果

]

①2000年湟水河流域土壤侵蚀模数均值为477.81 t/（km

·a），微度侵蚀面积比例为72.06%，中度、强烈和剧烈侵蚀面积比例合计为3.46%，轻度、中度侵蚀主要分布在北部祁连山、中部达坂山及南部拉脊山海拔较高、植被覆盖少的山地、荒地；②2018年湟水河流域土壤侵蚀模数均值为1 625.30 t/（km

·a），微度侵蚀面积比例为55.38%，中度、强烈和剧烈侵蚀面积比例合计为21.26%。中度侵蚀主要分布在研究区东南部城镇居民聚集地带与河流滩地；强烈侵蚀和极强烈侵蚀零散分布于祁连山、达坂山等高山、秃岭裸地区域；③2000—2018年，微度侵蚀面积比例减少16.68%，中度侵蚀面积比例增加8.15%，强烈侵蚀面积比例增加5.60%，剧烈侵蚀面积比例增加4.05%，而侵蚀面积增加的区域主要分布在高山裸地和城镇地区。[结论

]

低空无人机遥感技术能够有效地验证区域土壤侵蚀模型计算结果，湟水河流域土壤侵蚀整体趋于严重且存在空间差异性。在祁连山、达坂山、沿湟水河干流等地区，土壤侵蚀强度存在从微度、轻度向中度侵蚀演变的趋势，而这种演变过程与气候暖湿化、人类活动强度增加存在一定的关系。

Abstract

[Objective] The spatio-temporal distribution and variation characteristics of soil erosion in the Huangshui River basin in the upstream region of the Yellow River were analyzed in order to provide basic data and a basis for decision-making in relation to soil and water conservation and erosion prevention.[Methods] Based on MODIS and Landsat images

precipitation

population density

and the economy in 2000 and 2018

we used low altitude UAV remote sensing

the RUSLE model

and geostatistics to calculate

validate

and analyze the spatio-temporal variability of a soil erosion model in the Huangshui River basin.[Results] ① The average soil erosion modulus of Huangshui River basin in 2000 was 477.81 t/(km2·yr)

and the percentage of the area with slight erosion was 72.06%. The percentage of area with moderate

strong

and severe erosion was 3.46%. Mild and moderate erosion areas were mainly located in the mountains and wastelands in the Northern Qilian Mountains

the Central Daban Mountains

and the Southern Laji Mountains

with high altitude and low vegetation coverage. ② In 2018

the average soil erosion modulus of the Huangshui River basin was 1 625.30 t/(km2·yr). The percentage of area with mild erosion was 55.38%

and the percentage of area with moderate

strong

and severe erosion was 21.26%. The area of moderate erosion was mainly located in the urban agglomeration area and where river beaches were located in the southeast part of the study area. The strong erosion and extra-strong erosion areas were sporadically distributed in bare areas in the Qilian Mountains and the Daban Mountains. ③ From 2000 to 2018

the area of slight erosion decreased by 16.68%

the area of moderate erosion increased by 8.15%

the area of strong erosion increased by 5.60%

and the area of severe erosion increased by 4.05%. The region with increasing erosion was mainly located in the bare mountains and urban areas.[Conclusion] Low-altitude UAV remote sensing technology can effectively validate the calculation results of the regional soil erosion model. Soil erosion in the Huangshui River basin has be accelerated over time

and showed great spatial differences. The spatial pattern of soil erosion intensity has evolved from mild

slight to moderate in the Qilian Mountains and the Daban Mountains. This evolution tendency is related to the warmer-wetter climate and intensified human activity.

关键词

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