祁连山区4种高寒植被类型下土壤养分及含水率分布

安克俭; 魏霞; 贺燕; 路志强

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.003

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祁连山区4种高寒植被类型下土壤养分及含水率分布

试验研究

- 祁连山区4种高寒植被类型下土壤养分及含水率分布
- Soil Moisture Content and Nutrient Distribution Under Four Alpine Vegetation Types in Qilian Mountains
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第3期页码：16-22
- 作者机构：
  
  兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃,兰州,730000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“黄河上游复杂水资源弹性系统多重风险共振评估研究”（51679115）;兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室开放基金及兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金（lzujbky-2018-kb01）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.003
  中图分类号： S714.5
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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安克俭, 魏霞, 贺燕, 等. 祁连山区4种高寒植被类型下土壤养分及含水率分布[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(3):16-22.

An Kejian, Wei Xia, He Yan, et al. Soil Moisture Content and Nutrient Distribution Under Four Alpine Vegetation Types in Qilian Mountains[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(3): 16-22.
安克俭, 魏霞, 贺燕, 等. 祁连山区4种高寒植被类型下土壤养分及含水率分布[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(3):16-22. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.003.

An Kejian, Wei Xia, He Yan, et al. Soil Moisture Content and Nutrient Distribution Under Four Alpine Vegetation Types in Qilian Mountains[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(3): 16-22. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.03.003.

摘要

[目的] 探究祁连山区土壤养分及含水率分布特征，为祁连山区水土保持和生态植被恢复提供参考。[方法] 以高寒草甸、高山灌丛、温性草原、温性荒漠4种高寒植被类型土壤为研究对象，采用野外调查、室内试验及数理统计相结合的方法，研究了4种植被类型下不同土层深度和4种坡向下土壤有机质（SOM）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）、含水率（SMC）分布特征，及其与年平均气温、年累积降雨量之间的相关性。[结果] ①研究区SOM含量范围为1.85～190.31 mg/g，TN含量为0.07～7.99 mg/g，TP含量为0.24～1.81 mg/g，SMC为0.79%～73.21%。②土壤SOM，TN，TP，SMC含量差异主要受植被类型影响，不同植被类型土壤SOM，SMC含量大小顺序均为：高寒草甸>高山灌丛>温性草原>温性荒漠；TN含量：高山灌丛>高寒草甸>温性草原>温性荒漠；TP含量：温性草原>高寒草甸>高山灌丛>温性荒漠。在4种坡向中，TP含量在半阴坡最高，阳坡最低，SOM，TN，SMC含量在半阳坡最高。③SOM，TN，TP，SMC与年累积降雨量极显著正相关（p<0.01），SOM，SMC与年平均气温均为极显著负相关（p<0.01），TN含量与年平均气温显著负相关（p<0.05）。[结论] 祁连山区水土保持和生态植被恢复措施的布设可优先考虑在半阳坡、高寒草甸和高山灌丛区域，因地制宜地促进生态系统物质良性循环。

Abstract

[Objective] The distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and soil moisture content (SMC) in the Qilian Mountains were explored in order to provide references for soil and water conservation and ecological vegetation restoration in this area.[Methods] Four alpine vegetation types (alpine meadow

alpine shrub

temperate steppe

and temperate desert) were studied. The distribution characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM)

total nitrogen (TN)

total phosphorus (TP)

and SMC at different soil depths and four slope directions under the four vegetation types were analyzed through field investigation

laboratory experiments

and mathematical statistics

and their correlations with air temperature and annual cumulative rainfall were analyzed.[Results] ① SOM in the study area was 1.85~190.31 mg/g; TN was 0.07~7.99 mg/g; TP was 0.24~1.81 mg/g; and SMC was 0.79%~3.21%. ② The differences in SOM

and SMC content were mainly affected by differences in vegetation types. Soil moisture content of different vegetation types followed the order of alpine meadow > alpine shrub > temperate grassland > temperate desert. TN followed the order of alpine shrub > alpine meadow > temperate grassland > temperate desert. TP contents followed the order of temperate grassland > alpine meadow > alpine shrub > temperate desert. Regarding the four slope directions

TP content was the highest on the semi-shady slope and the lowest on the sunny slope. The contents of SOM

and SMC were the highest on the semi-sunny slope. ③ SOM

and SMC were significantly positively correlated with annual cumulative rainfall (p<0.01). SOM and SMC were significantly negatively correlated with annual average temperature (p<0.01). TN was significantly negatively correlated with annual average temperature (p<0.05).[Conclusion] The implementation of soil and water conservation and ecological vegetation restoration measures in the Qilian Mountains can be considered for semi-sunny slope

alpine meadow areas. For alpine shrub and meadow areas

the beneficial cycle of ecosystem materials appropriate to local conditions should be promoted.

关键词

Keywords

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