植被恢复和覆土厚度对砒砂岩区土壤水分及养分的影响

张鹤; 费洪岩; 韩凤朋; 王钰; 潘若鹏; 毕博远

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.014

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植被恢复和覆土厚度对砒砂岩区土壤水分及养分的影响

试验研究

- 植被恢复和覆土厚度对砒砂岩区土壤水分及养分的影响
- Effects of Vegetation Restoration and Soil Thickness on Soil Moisture and Nutrient in Feldspathic Sandstone Area
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第2期页码：98-106
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中科院水利部黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 中科院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  4. 中科院水利部水土保持生态工程技术研究中心, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目“不同类型退化植被恢复重建技术”(2017YFC0504504);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0600801)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.014
  中图分类号： S153
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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张鹤, 费洪岩, 韩凤朋, 等. 植被恢复和覆土厚度对砒砂岩区土壤水分及养分的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(2):98-106.

Zhang He, Fei Hongyan, Han Fengpeng, et al. Effects of Vegetation Restoration and Soil Thickness on Soil Moisture and Nutrient in Feldspathic Sandstone Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(2): 98-106.
张鹤, 费洪岩, 韩凤朋, 等. 植被恢复和覆土厚度对砒砂岩区土壤水分及养分的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(2):98-106. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.014.

Zhang He, Fei Hongyan, Han Fengpeng, et al. Effects of Vegetation Restoration and Soil Thickness on Soil Moisture and Nutrient in Feldspathic Sandstone Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(2): 98-106. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.014.

摘要

[目的] 研究植被恢复对砒砂岩区土壤水分和养分的影响状况，明确对于砒砂岩地区土壤保水保肥效果最佳的植被恢复类型，为砒砂岩区的生态修复和区域水土流失治理提供理论依据。[方法] 选取准格尔旗暖水乡裸露砒砂岩向覆土砒砂岩过渡区域，以黄土—砒砂岩交界带不同人工恢复植被和自然恢复草地的土壤为研究对象，测定土壤水分和养分含量，分析不同植被恢复和覆土厚度对砒砂岩区土壤水分和养分特征的影响(其中天然草地作为对照)。[结果] ①裸露砒砂岩向覆土砒砂岩过渡区域土壤水分含量主要受黄土厚度影响，黄土的持水性能优于砒砂岩土壤，养分含量主要受植被恢复类型影响； ②研究区土壤各指标均属于中等变异程度，其中土壤水分、碳、氮含量自北向南随覆土厚度增加逐渐增加，磷素分布则相反； ③对比天然草地，沙棘和油松恢复对砒砂岩区土壤碳、氮含量的提升效果最好，土壤有机质含量分别提高了43.12%和34.27%，全氮提高了78.95%和42.11%，铵态氮提高25.64%和46.15%，硝态氮提高69.44%和42.22%。其中油松恢复下土壤水分含量高于天然草地54.55%，但人工植被恢复后的土壤磷素水平并没有提升。[结论] 黄土较砒砂岩土壤持水能力更好，二者界面对水分下渗以及下层水分向上损失起到一定阻挡作用，因此砒砂岩区土壤水分改善方面可以考虑覆土层的蓄水保水能力。在进行人工植被恢复时

推荐种植沙棘和油松

可提升区域土壤水分、碳、氮含量

保水保肥能力较好。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of vegetation restoration on soil moisture and nutrients were studied

and the type of vegetation restoration that has the best effect on soil water and fertilizer conservation was clarified

in order to provide theoretical basis for the ecological restoration and regional soil erosion control of the feldspathic sandstone area. [Methods] The transition area between exposed feldspathic sandstone and soil-covered feldspathic sandstone in Nuanshui Township

Jungar Banner of Inner Mongolia was selected as the study area

and soils of different artificially restored vegetation and naturally restored grassland in loess-feldspathic sandstone boundary area were taken as the research object. The content of soil water and nutrients were measured

and the effects of different vegetation restoration and soil thickness on the characteristics of moisture and nutrient in the feldspathic sandstone area were analyzed with natural grassland as control. [Results] ① The soil moisture content in the transition zone from exposed feldspathic sandstone to soil-covered feldspathic sandstone was mainly affected by the thickness of loess. The water holding capacity of loess soil was better than that of feldspathic sandstone soil

and nutrient contents were mainly affected by vegetation restoration types. ② The soil indexes in the study area were of medium variation

in which the contents of soil moisture

carbon and nitrogen increased gradually with the increase of soil thickness from north to south

while the distribution of phosphorus was opposite. ③ Compared with natural grassland

the restoration of Hippophae rhamnoides and Pinus tabuliformis has the best effect on improving the content of soil carbon and nitrogen in feldspathic sandstone area. The content of soil organic matter increased by 43.12% and 34.27%

total nitrogen increased by 78.95% and 42.11%

ammonium nitrogen increased by 25.64% and 46.15%

and nitrate nitrogen increased by 69.44% and 42.22%

respectively. Among them

the content of soil moisture under the restoration of Pinus tabuliformis was higher than that of natural grassland by 54.55%

but the soil phosphorus level did not increase after artificial vegetation restoration. [Conclusion] Loess has better water-holding capacity than feldspathic sandstone soil

and the interface between the two has a certain barrier effect on the infiltration of water and the upward loss of water in the lower layer. Therefore

the water-storage and water-retention capacity of the overlying soil can be considered in the improvement of soil moisture in feldspathic sandstone area. During the restoration of artificial vegetation

it is recommended to plant Hippophae rhamnoides and Pinus tabuliformis

which can improve the soil moisture

carbon

and nitrogen content

as they have better water and fertilizer retention capacity.

关键词

Keywords

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