枸杞—苜蓿间作地上生物量分布变异及其竞争强度

周孚明; 苏鹏海

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.008

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枸杞—苜蓿间作地上生物量分布变异及其竞争强度

试验研究

- 枸杞—苜蓿间作地上生物量分布变异及其竞争强度
- Distribution Variation of Aboveground Biomass and Competition Intensity of Lycium Barbarum and Medicago Sativa Intercropping
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第2期页码：53-58
- 作者机构：
  
  甘肃省水土保持科学研究所,甘肃,兰州,730020
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金地区基金“甘肃引黄灌区枸杞—豆科牧草复合系统水盐分异特征及互馈机制研究”(51669002)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.008
  中图分类号： S551.7;S759.3
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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周孚明, 苏鹏海. 枸杞—苜蓿间作地上生物量分布变异及其竞争强度[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(2):53-58.

Zhou Fuming, Su Penghai. Distribution Variation of Aboveground Biomass and Competition Intensity of Lycium Barbarum and Medicago Sativa Intercropping[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(2): 53-58.
周孚明, 苏鹏海. 枸杞—苜蓿间作地上生物量分布变异及其竞争强度[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(2):53-58. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.008.

Zhou Fuming, Su Penghai. Distribution Variation of Aboveground Biomass and Competition Intensity of Lycium Barbarum and Medicago Sativa Intercropping[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(2): 53-58. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.02.008.

摘要

[目的] 探究枸杞—苜蓿间作地上生物量分布变异及其竞争强度，为林草间作的种间配置调控和可持续经营提供科学依据。[方法] 以枸杞—苜蓿间作为研究对象，采用空间分割法对枸杞和苜蓿的地上生物量进行取样，定量分析间作模式各组分地上生物量的分布变异及空间竞争。[结果] 单作条件下，水平方向上枸杞树地上生物量分布于距离枸杞行0—90 cm范围内，且随着距离枸杞行距离增加而减少；垂直方向上，枸杞树地上生物量分布重心在距离地面40—60 cm范围内。间作苜蓿条件下，水平方向上枸杞地上生物量分布向枸杞行方向移动，垂直方向上枸杞地上生物量分布重心向上移动，在距离地面60—80 cm范围内。在水平方向距离枸杞树行30—90 cm和垂直方向0—60 cm范围，苜蓿的竞争能力强于枸杞，且随着距离枸杞行距离和地面高度的增加，苜蓿的竞争能力逐渐减弱。枸杞—苜蓿间作的种间竞争强度随距离枸杞行距离的增加而降低，竞争强度可分为3个区域，即高强度竞争区域、中等强度竞争区域和低强度竞争区域，分别距枸杞行0—60，60—90 cm和90—150 cm。建议间作苜蓿应距离枸杞行60 cm外开始种植。[结论] 林草过度间作使处于地上空间竞争弱势的作物生物量发生迁移和减少，对其生长产生抑制。为了有效降低林草间作中林草之间对地上空间的竞争，减少牧草对林木的地上空间竞争胁迫，使林木获得更好的生长空间，应适当增大林木与牧草之间种植的距离，将牧草种植于高强度竞争区域之外。

Abstract

[Objective] The aboveground biomass distribution variation and competition intensity of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum)-alfalfa (Medicago sativa) intercropping were studied in order to provide a scientific basis for interspecific allocation regulation and sustainable management of forest-grass intercropping. [Methods] Aboveground biomass samples of wolfberry and alfalfa were acquired by the spatial segmentation method. The distribution variation and spatial competition of the aboveground biomass of each component in the intercropping model were quantitatively analyzed. [Results] Under monoculture conditions

the aboveground biomass of wolfberry trees in the horizontal direction was distributed in the range of 0—90 cm from the wolfberry row

and decreased with increasing distance from the wolfberry row. The distribution of above-ground biomass of wolfberry in the horizontal direction at 40—60 cm above the soil surface moved to the direction of the row of wolfberry when intercropped with alfalfa

and the gravity center of the distribution of above-ground biomass of wolfberry moved upward in the vertical direction at 60—80 cm above the soil surface. The competitive ability of alfalfa was stronger than that of wolfberry in the range of 30—90 cm horizontally and 0—60 cm vertically. The competitive ability of alfalfa gradually weakened with increasing distance from the wolfberry row and the soil surface. The interspecific competition intensity of wolfberry-alfalfa intercropping decreased with increasing distance from the wolfberry row. Competition intensity could be divided into three areas: high-intensity competition area

medium-intensity competition area

and low-intensity competition area (0—60

60—90 cm

and 90—150 cm

respectively). It is recommended that intercropped alfalfa should be planted 60 cm away from the wolfberry row. [Conclusion] Intensive intercropping of forest and grass results in crop biomass migrating and decreasing due to weak competition for aboveground space

thereby inhibiting plant growth. In order to effectively reduce the competition for aboveground space between forests and grasses in forest-grass intercropping

the competition and stress of forages on forest trees should be reduced by appropriately increasing the planting distance between trees and forages

thereby enabling trees to obtain better growth space. Pastures should be grown outside areas of higher competition.

关键词

Keywords

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