若尔盖高原湿地植物群落结构特征与土壤微生物群落多样性

汤木子

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.015

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若尔盖高原湿地植物群落结构特征与土壤微生物群落多样性

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- 若尔盖高原湿地植物群落结构特征与土壤微生物群落多样性
- Plant Community Structure and Soil Microbial Community Diversity in Zogue Plateau Wetland
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第1期页码：106-113
- 作者机构：
  
  四川大学建筑与环境学院,四川,成都,610065
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.015
  中图分类号： X172;S154.3
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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汤木子. 若尔盖高原湿地植物群落结构特征与土壤微生物群落多样性[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(1):106-113.

Tang Muzi. Plant Community Structure and Soil Microbial Community Diversity in Zogue Plateau Wetland[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(1): 106-113.
汤木子. 若尔盖高原湿地植物群落结构特征与土壤微生物群落多样性[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(1):106-113. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.015.

Tang Muzi. Plant Community Structure and Soil Microbial Community Diversity in Zogue Plateau Wetland[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(1): 106-113. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.015.

摘要

[目的

]

探究若尔盖高原湿地植物群落(乌拉苔草、木里苔草、花葶驴蹄草、藏嵩草)结构特征、土壤微生物群落多样性的长期变化特征及其二者之间的演化关系，为该地区的植被恢复和生态环境保护提供借鉴。[方法

]

结合室内样品分析，连续4 a(2016—2019年)观测了不同植物群落地上和地下各个指标的动态特征。[结果

]

①对于α多样性，2016—2019年若尔盖高原湿地植被Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数呈一致的变化规律，均表现为:乌拉苔草>木里苔草>藏嵩草>花葶驴蹄草，随着年份的增加而逐渐增加趋势；而Simpson优势度指数呈相反的变化趋势。对于β多样性，2016—2019年若尔盖高原湿地植被Cody指数呈一致的变化规律，均表现为：乌拉苔草>木里苔草>藏嵩草>花葶驴蹄草，随着年份的增加而逐渐增加趋势；而Sorenson指数呈相反的变化趋势。②2016—2019年土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷和全钾含量呈一致的变化规律，均表现为：乌拉苔草>木里苔草>藏嵩草>花葶驴蹄草，随着年份的增加而逐渐增加趋势；若尔盖高原湿地不同植物群落土壤细菌数量占绝对优势，占微生物总数的70%左右，其次是放线菌，真菌最少；其中细菌数目、真菌数目和放线菌数目均表现为：乌拉苔草>木里苔草>藏嵩草>花葶驴蹄草，随着年份的增加而逐渐增加趋势。③土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷均表现为：乌拉苔草>木里苔草>藏嵩草>花葶驴蹄草，随着年份的增加而逐渐增加趋势；而微生物量磷不同年份之间差异不显著(p>0.05)。④土壤微生物群落均匀度指数(E)、物种丰富度指数(H)、和碳源利用丰富度指数(S)基本表现为：乌拉苔草>木里苔草>藏嵩草>花葶驴蹄草，随着年份的增加而逐渐增加趋势；而优势度指数(D

)呈相反的变化趋势，不同年份之间差异不显著(p>0.05)。⑤土壤微生物群落多样性与植被多样性具有显著的相关性(p＜0.05)。[结论

]

若尔盖高原湿地地上植被与地下微生物群落多样性之间呈强耦合关系，并且这种关系并不随时间而改变，二者具有对环境变化响应的统一性。

Abstract

[Objective] The long-term changes of plant community structure (Carex muliensis

Carex meyeriana

Calthascaposa

Kobresia tibetica) and soil microbial community diversity in the Zogue Plateau wetland

and their evolutionary relationships were investigated in order to provide reference for vegetation restoration and ecological environment protection in this area. [Methods] The dynamic characteristics of aboveground and underground indexes of different plant communities were observed in four consecutive years (2016—2019). [Results] ① For plant α diversity

the Shannon-Wiener diversity index

Margalef richness index

and Pielou evenness index showed a consistent change trend that followed the order of Carex meyeriana>Carex muliensis>Kobresia tibetica>Caltha scaposa. However

the Simpson dominance index showed the opposite change trend. For plant β diversity

the Cody index also showed a consistent change trend that followed the order of C. meyeriana>C. muliensis>K. tibetica>C. scaposa

while the Sorenson index changed in the opposite trend. ② The contents of soil organic carbon

total nitrogen

total phosphorus

and total potassium showed a consistent change trend that followed the order of C. meyeriana>C. muliensis>K. tibetica>C. scaposa

and gradually increased with the increasing of years. Soil microorganisms were dominated by bacteria in the Zogue Plateau wetland

accounting for about 70% of the total microbial population

followed by Actinomycetes and fungi. The numbers of bacteria

fungi

and Actinomycetes followed the order of Carex meyeriana>C. muliensis>K. tibetica>C. scaposa

and numbers gradually increased with the increasing of years. ③ Soil microbial biomass carbon

nitrogen

and phosphorus followed the order of C. meyeriana>C. muliensis>K. tibetica>C. scaposa

and values gradually increased with the increasing of years. However

no significant differences were found in microbial biomass phosphorus among different years (p>0.05). ④ Soil microbial evenness index (E)

species richness index (H)

and carbon source using basic richness index (S) followed the order of C. meyeriana>C. muliensis>K. tibetica>C. scaposa

and values gradually increased with the increasing of years

while the dominance index (Ds) showed the opposite change tend

with no significant difference among different years (p> 0.05). ⑤ Soil microbial community diversity and plant diversity were significantly correlated with each other (p＜0.05). [Conclusion] There is a strong coupling between aboveground vegetation diversity and microbial community diversity in the Zogue Plateau wetland

and this coupling do not change with year

thereby indicating a unified response to changing environments.

关键词

Keywords

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